RNA polymerase doesn't have a proofreading function.
Yes, mutations can occur in both DNA and RNA. In DNA, mutations can arise from errors during replication, environmental factors, or harmful chemicals, leading to changes in the genetic code. Although RNA is usually more stable and transient, mutations can still occur during transcription or due to viral replication processes. These mutations can affect gene expression and protein synthesis, potentially leading to various biological consequences.
DNA replication and transcription occur in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. In prokaryotic cells, replication and transcription occur in the cytoplasm.
Interphase
No, protein synthesis does not occur during replication. Replication is the process of copying DNA, while protein synthesis occurs during transcription and translation, where DNA is used as a template to create proteins.
Transcription and replication occur during the S phase of the cell cycle. During this phase, DNA is replicated to ensure that each daughter cell receives an identical set of genetic information. Transcription, the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template, can also occur throughout the cell cycle but is particularly active during the S phase as cells prepare for division.
Interphase
Yes, mutations can occur in both DNA and RNA. In DNA, mutations can arise from errors during replication, environmental factors, or harmful chemicals, leading to changes in the genetic code. Although RNA is usually more stable and transient, mutations can still occur during transcription or due to viral replication processes. These mutations can affect gene expression and protein synthesis, potentially leading to various biological consequences.
DNA replication and transcription occur in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. In prokaryotic cells, replication and transcription occur in the cytoplasm.
Interphase
Yes, it is common for mistakes to occur during DNA replication. These mistakes are known as mutations and can lead to genetic variations.
No, protein synthesis does not occur during replication. Replication is the process of copying DNA, while protein synthesis occurs during transcription and translation, where DNA is used as a template to create proteins.
Mutations that occur at random are called spontaneous mutations.
Mutations can occur at any point during the cell cycle, but they are most likely to happen during the DNA replication phase, which is part of the interphase stage.
Transcription and replication occur during the S phase of the cell cycle. During this phase, DNA is replicated to ensure that each daughter cell receives an identical set of genetic information. Transcription, the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template, can also occur throughout the cell cycle but is particularly active during the S phase as cells prepare for division.
Successful mutations will persist. Mutations usually occur during replication. Some mutations will flourish depending on environmental factors.
errors in DNA replication
Genetic mutations occur during the S phase of the cell cycle (during interphase before mitosis or meiosis begins). This is when DNA is replicated, so any error would cause a mutation in the genetic code. Chromosomal nondisjunction is the failure of replicated chromosomes to separate, which causes extra or missing chromosomes in the daughter cells. This mutation can occur during meiosis I or II and during mitosis.