AA would be used to represent a homozygous dominant gene. Aa would be hybrid or Heterozygous. aa would be homzygous recessive implying that the person would only carry the trait instead of physically showing it. AA and Aa however, would express that genes trait within their characteristics.
If smooth peas are dominant over wrinkled peas, it means that when a plant with one smooth pea allele and one wrinkled pea allele reproduces, all of its offspring will have smooth peas. This is because the dominant allele (smooth) masks the expression of the recessive allele (wrinkled) in the offspring's phenotype.
SS,Ss
A homozygous recessive individual (ss) carries two copies of the recessive allele and does not possess a dominant allele. Therefore, when this individual produces gametes, all gametes will carry only the recessive allele (s). Consequently, the probability of a homozygous recessive individual producing a gamete with a dominant allele is 0%.
If the person with short fingers has one dominant allele for short fingers (S) and one recessive allele for long fingers (s), their genotype would be heterozygous (Ss). The person with long fingers has the genotype homozygous recessive (ss). When these two individuals have children, there is a 50% chance that the offspring will inherit the dominant allele for short fingers (Ss) and a 50% chance for long fingers (ss). Thus, there is a 50% chance of the children having short fingers and a 50% chance of having long fingers.
If you mean one allele for short stems, then it would probably be something similar to Ss, where S is a tall stem allele and s is a short stem allele. The letters chosen to represent the alleles are not universally agreed on (there are far too many genes, let alone alleles, to name with only letters), so they are specified in each case by the geneticist. Also, make sure that the letters match each trait - s and S are the same letter for the same trait, the stems. For color, you would use another pair - say perhaps C for green peas, c for yellow peas, et cetera.
because it dominates the phenotype
The allele for smooth peas should be represented as "S" while the allele for wrinkled peas should be represented as "s", following the convention of using uppercase letters to represent dominant alleles and lowercase letters for recessive alleles.
If smooth peas are dominant over wrinkled peas, it means that when a plant with one smooth pea allele and one wrinkled pea allele reproduces, all of its offspring will have smooth peas. This is because the dominant allele (smooth) masks the expression of the recessive allele (wrinkled) in the offspring's phenotype.
SS,Ss
The dominant parent is most likely homozygous dominant, and the recessive parent has only the homozygous genotype. So the dominant parent can pass on only dominant alleles for this trait, and the recessive parent can pass on only recessive alleles for this trait. So all of the offspring would be heterozygous and have the dominant phenotype.
All the F1 will have wire hair.The reason:A homozygous wire-haired dog must be SS. It must have at least one S allele if it shows the dominant character, and "homozygous" means pure-breeding, so there is no other allele present.A smooth-haired dog must be ss. Any organism displaying a recessive trait must be homozygous, as a dominant allele would mask the recessive one.So the cross is:SS x ssand one parent must pass on the S gene, one the s. Therefore all the F1 must be Ss. Their phenotype is wire-haired, because they have a dominant allele, but they are all heterozygous, because they inherited a recessive gene from the smooth-haired parent.This cross demonstrates Mendel's First Law.
A homozygous recessive individual (ss) carries two copies of the recessive allele and does not possess a dominant allele. Therefore, when this individual produces gametes, all gametes will carry only the recessive allele (s). Consequently, the probability of a homozygous recessive individual producing a gamete with a dominant allele is 0%.
There are no such things as dominant and recessive genes. There are only dominant and recessive alleles. Dominant alleles are parts of a gene that present its features over the recessive allele, which is the one that is always masked by the dominant allele. The recessive allele's trait only shows if both of the alleles in a trait are recessive.
If the person with short fingers has one dominant allele for short fingers (S) and one recessive allele for long fingers (s), their genotype would be heterozygous (Ss). The person with long fingers has the genotype homozygous recessive (ss). When these two individuals have children, there is a 50% chance that the offspring will inherit the dominant allele for short fingers (Ss) and a 50% chance for long fingers (ss). Thus, there is a 50% chance of the children having short fingers and a 50% chance of having long fingers.
If you mean one allele for short stems, then it would probably be something similar to Ss, where S is a tall stem allele and s is a short stem allele. The letters chosen to represent the alleles are not universally agreed on (there are far too many genes, let alone alleles, to name with only letters), so they are specified in each case by the geneticist. Also, make sure that the letters match each trait - s and S are the same letter for the same trait, the stems. For color, you would use another pair - say perhaps C for green peas, c for yellow peas, et cetera.
It's spelt homozygous, which may explain the difficulty when you tried to look it up haha. I don't know your level of knowledge, but it refers to genetics. There are two alleles (allele = different type of a gene) at each locus (locus = physical location of a gene on a chromosome) on a chromosome. If these alleles are the same, they are considered homozygous. I'll give an example: we have a snake that either has spots or it doesn't, and spots is the dominant phenotype (phenotype = physically expressed trait). If it has spots, then it has the S allele, and if it doesn't have spots, it has the s allele (spots is uppercase and no spots is lowercase). If the organism does not have spots, then it is homozygous recessive with two s alleles (ss). If it had spots but had one S allele and one s allele (Ss) then it is heterozygous (two different alleles). If it had spots and had two S alleles (SS) then it is homozygous dominant. I hope that clarified.
The result would be that all the offspring would have straight toes because the male contributes the recessive curled toes allele (ss) and the female can only contribute the dominant straight toes allele (S). Therefore, all the offspring would inherit one S allele from the female and an s allele from the male, resulting in the phenotype of straight toes (Ss).