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Photolyase is a DNA repair enzyme that helps prevent skin cancer by repairing UV-induced DNA damage, specifically cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs). It utilizes energy from visible light to activate and catalyze the repair process, effectively reversing the harmful effects of UV radiation. By maintaining the integrity of the DNA and preventing mutations, photolyase plays a crucial role in reducing the risk of skin cancer associated with UV exposure.
What else can I help you with?
What is a DNA repair enzyme activated by visible light?
DNA photolyase
How does photolyase use light energy to repair DNA?
Photolyase works in conjunction with two co-factors. The first co-factor (either deazaflavin or methenyltetrahydrofolate) absorb a photon of light or a specific wavelength (in the blue spectrum) and passes this energy to FADH- which then acts as an electron donor, transferring a single electron to the pyramidine photodimer, and in doing so allows the bond between them to be broken.
What is the result if DNA repair mechanisms fail?
If DNA repair mechanisms fail, mutations can accumulate in the DNA, leading to genetic disorders, increased risk of cancer, and other health problems. It can also compromise the ability of cells to function properly and may result in cell death.
Which type of enzyme is involved in excision repair?
The enzyme involved in excision repair is called an endonuclease. Endonucleases cleave the damaged DNA strand at specific sites to remove the damaged portion, allowing for DNA synthesis and repair to occur.
What is the enzyme that connects the okasaki fragments and participates in DNA repair?
The enzyme that connects Okazaki fragments during DNA replication is DNA ligase. DNA ligase is also involved in repairing nicks in the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA during processes such as base excision repair and mismatch repair.
What is a DNA repair enzyme activated by visible light?
DNA photolyase
How does photolyase use light energy to repair DNA?
Photolyase works in conjunction with two co-factors. The first co-factor (either deazaflavin or methenyltetrahydrofolate) absorb a photon of light or a specific wavelength (in the blue spectrum) and passes this energy to FADH- which then acts as an electron donor, transferring a single electron to the pyramidine photodimer, and in doing so allows the bond between them to be broken.
When the repair mechanism for DNA fails the result is?
When the repair mechanism for DNA fails, it can lead to mutations accumulating in the genome, which can increase the risk of cancer and other diseases. Unrepaired DNA damage can also result in cell death or improper cell function, further contributing to various health problems.
How do tumor suppressor genes work to prevent the development of cancer?
Tumor suppressor genes help prevent cancer by regulating cell growth and division. They can repair damaged DNA, trigger cell death, or stop cells from dividing uncontrollably. When these genes are mutated or inactive, cells can grow out of control, leading to the development of cancer.
What role does the gene labeled as "BRCA1" play in the development of breast cancer?
The gene BRCA1 helps repair damaged DNA in cells, which can prevent the growth of abnormal cells that could lead to breast cancer. Mutations in the BRCA1 gene can increase the risk of developing breast cancer because the cells may not be able to repair DNA damage properly.
What is the result if DNA repair mechanisms fail?
If DNA repair mechanisms fail, mutations can accumulate in the DNA, leading to genetic disorders, increased risk of cancer, and other health problems. It can also compromise the ability of cells to function properly and may result in cell death.
Which type of enzyme is involved in excision repair?
The enzyme involved in excision repair is called an endonuclease. Endonucleases cleave the damaged DNA strand at specific sites to remove the damaged portion, allowing for DNA synthesis and repair to occur.
What is the enzyme that connects the okasaki fragments and participates in DNA repair?
The enzyme that connects Okazaki fragments during DNA replication is DNA ligase. DNA ligase is also involved in repairing nicks in the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA during processes such as base excision repair and mismatch repair.
What can you do to prevent cancer?
My Mum always tells me that Tomatoes can help prevent getting Cancer. Also, If you smoke you must stop as that can cause lung cancer. If you get sunburnt easily make sure you get well covered up and sun cream suited to your skin. Fruits and vegetables contain antioxidants, which help repair our damaged cells. Green, orange and yellow fruits and vegetables are your best bet to help prevent cancer. Studies also show that dark fruits, like blueberries and grapes, may also have anti-cancer properties. Also reduce the amount of Red meat in your Diet. A simple answer: You can keep a healthy lifestyle and be self aware.
Is there a connection between cancer and repair of the large intestine?
yes
Why is arsenic toxic to the human body?
Arsenic is toxic to the human body because it interferes with essential cellular processes, such as enzyme function and DNA repair. It can disrupt normal cell function and lead to a range of health problems, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disorders.
What is the function of the enzyme DNA ligase?
DNA ligase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the process of DNA replication and repair by joining together the ends of DNA strands to form a continuous strand.
