How electroporation increase permeability of plasma membrane?

Answer 1

Electroporation is a dynamic phenomenon that depends on the local transmembrane voltage at each point on the cell membrane. It is generally accepted that for a given pulse duration and shape, a specific transmembrane voltage threshold exists for the manifestation of the electroporation phenomenon (from 0.5 V to 1 V). This leads to the definition of an electric field magnitude threshold for electroporation (Eth). That is, only the cells within areas where E≧Eth are electroporated. If a second threshold (Eir) is reached or surpassed, electroporation will compromise the viability of the cells, i.e., irreversible electroporation.[2]

Answer 2

Electroporation involves the application of an electric field to create temporary pores in the cell membrane, allowing molecules to enter the cell that would normally be too large or hydrophilic to pass through. The electric field disrupts the lipid bilayer, leading to the formation of aqueous pores which facilitate the movement of molecules across the membrane. This technique is commonly used in molecular Biology and biotechnology to introduce substances like DNA or drugs into cells.