The arrangement of nucleotides in DNA determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein through the process of transcription and translation. During transcription, RNA is synthesized from DNA, and during translation, the sequence of RNA nucleotides is decoded into a specific sequence of amino acids, forming a protein specified by the DNA sequence.
DNA is first transcribed into mRNA in the nucleus of the cell. This mRNA then moves to the cytoplasm, where it is translated by ribosomes. The ribosomes decode the mRNA sequence and synthesize the corresponding amino acids into a protein. Therefore, protein synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm.
It provides the code for the protein.
Hi, Chromosome are structure within cells which contain genetic information that is passed from one generation to other generation. Gene is a section of chromosome. A Gene carried coded information within sequence of chemicals. When needed particular information is decoded and used to provide for protien synthesis within the cells. Deoxy-ribo-nucleic(DNA) is the chemical which carries the genetic code.
RNA and DNA work together in a way despite the differences. When your DNA calls for a protein your body needs to make, RNA within a cell has the DNA separate into two 'strands', and the RNA will attach to the other half of the DNA to scan the coded 'message' made of the nitrogen bases; adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine in a specific pattern. This RNA is called messenger RNA. It then floats into the cytoplasm of a cell and transfers the code of a protein to a ribosome; Ribosomes create proteins. As the RNA transfers the coded protein, Transfer RNA comes in and decodes the protein, to slowly build a molecule of that protein. When the molecule is complete and the code is decoded, you get a protein or amino acid. IF YOU'RE WONDERING THE DIFFERENCES: DNA has two strands to make a twisted ladder shape. RNA is a single strand. DNA has the nitrogen bases: Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine RNA has: Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, and Guanine. Adenine in DNA pairs with Thymine. Adenine in RNA pairs with Uracil instead.
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As genes are being used, specific segments of DNA are transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA). The mRNA then undergoes translation to produce specific proteins based on the genetic code. The DNA strand itself remains intact and serves as a template for gene expression.
When the information is decode from DNA to RNA then it is said Transcription. When the information is decoded from RNA to Amino acid then it is said to be Transcription.
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Transcription occurs in the nucleus of the cell, where DNA is copied into mRNA. Translation takes place in the cytoplasm at the ribosomes, where mRNA is decoded to synthesize proteins.
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