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The enthalpy of formation (deltaHf) is the enthalpy change when 1 mole of a compound is formed from its constituent elements in their standard states. The deltaH of a reaction is the difference in enthalpy between the products and the reactants. The deltaH of a reaction can be calculated by taking the sum of the deltaHf of the products minus the sum of the deltaHf of the reactants.

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What is a chemical reaction at equilibrium?

deltaG = deltaH -TdeltaS. deltaG = 0 at equilibrium. Therefore deltaH = TdeltaS


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It is endothermic. The heat of the water in the calorimeter decreases (giving you a -deltaH), which means that the system absorbed heat, making the reaction endothermic.


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By manipulating known reactions with known enthalpy changes to create a series of intermediate reactions that eventually add up to the desired reaction whose enthalpy change is unknown. By applying Hess's law, the sum of the enthalpy changes for the intermediate reactions will equal the enthalpy change of the desired reaction, allowing you to determine its enthalpy change.


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Endothermic reaction. See Related Link.


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The reaction rate of a chemical reaction is dependent on temperature.


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When the delta G is negative the reaction is said to be spontaneous or in other words favorable. It also means the reaction is irreversible once full product concentration is reached. If delta G is positive, the reaction is unfavorable thus can easily be reversed. If it is zero it is at equilibrium.


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The speed of a given chemical reaction is directly responsible for spontaneity of the reaction. The reaction force and effect is contingent upon the speed of the reaction. The faster the reaction, the more force will be produced.