2 or more electrons, because Oxygen already has 8.
This atom must gain 3 electrons to achieve an octet.
In propane (C₃H₈), the central carbon atom is bonded to two other carbon atoms and two hydrogen atoms. Each carbon atom forms four covalent bonds to achieve a complete octet. Therefore, the central carbon atom uses four of its electrons to form these bonds, ensuring its octet is complete.
In aluminum oxide (Al2O3), aluminum typically shares 3 electrons with oxygen to form covalent bonds. Oxygen needs 2 electrons to fulfill its octet, so it will form a double bond with one aluminum atom. This results in the formation of a stable structure for the aluminum oxide compound.
One atom of nitrogen has 7 protons, 7 neutrons, and 7 electrons.
A neutral atom can have a maximum of 8 valence electrons, following the octet rule. This applies to elements in the second period and beyond on the periodic table. Exceptions include hydrogen and helium, which can have a maximum of 2 valence electrons.
This atom must gain 3 electrons to achieve an octet.
An oxygen atom can share up to two electrons to form a covalent bond with another atom. This is because oxygen has six valence electrons and can complete its octet by sharing two electrons with another atom.
A chlorine atom must gain one electron to complete its octet, as it has 7 electrons in its outer shell and needs 8 to achieve a stable electron configuration.
A bromine atom typically has seven electrons in its outer shell, which means it only needs one more electron to have a full octet of eight electrons. Bromine can achieve an octet by gaining one electron to form a stable bromide ion with a -1 charge.
A potassium atom has 1 electron in its outer shell. In order to satisfy the octet rule, it needs to donate 7 electrons to another atom to reach a stable configuration with a full outer shell.
It'll have to lose two to have a stable octet.
Atoms in the oxygen family can gain or share two electrons in order to achieve an octet of electrons.
There are 8 electrons in the outer shell of a xenon atom. Xenon is in group 18 of the periodic table, which means it has a full octet of electrons in its outer shell.
Each sodium atom will lose one electron to achieve a complete octet in its outer shell, as the octet rule dictates atoms will gain or lose electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration with 8 electrons in the outer shell.
In propane (C₃H₈), the central carbon atom is bonded to two other carbon atoms and two hydrogen atoms. Each carbon atom forms four covalent bonds to achieve a complete octet. Therefore, the central carbon atom uses four of its electrons to form these bonds, ensuring its octet is complete.
When sodium becomes an ion, it loses one electron to fulfill the octet rule. A neutral sodium ion has 11 electrons, so an ion will have 10.
In aluminum oxide (Al2O3), aluminum typically shares 3 electrons with oxygen to form covalent bonds. Oxygen needs 2 electrons to fulfill its octet, so it will form a double bond with one aluminum atom. This results in the formation of a stable structure for the aluminum oxide compound.