Germanium (Ge) has 2 lone pairs of electrons.
Germanium (Ge) has four valence electrons and can form four bonds by sharing these electrons. In its most common oxidation state, +4, germanium typically forms four covalent bonds with other atoms, resulting in no lone pairs. However, in certain compounds or coordination complexes, it can exhibit lone pairs depending on its hybridization and bonding environment.
There are no lone pairs in the nitrate ion (NO3-). The nitrogen atom forms three sigma bonds with oxygen atoms, leaving no non-bonding pairs of electrons.
There are no lone pairs on the central atom in BCl3 because boron (B) is in group 13 (or 3A) and can have only 3 bonds around it.
Oxygen typically has two lone pairs and forms two bonds when it is in its most common oxidation state (−2) in compounds like water (H₂O) or in diatomic oxygen (O₂). In its elemental form, O₂, each oxygen atom shares two electrons with another oxygen atom, resulting in a double bond. Thus, in O₂, each oxygen has no lone pairs, but in water, each oxygen has two lone pairs and forms two single bonds with hydrogen atoms.
Germanium typically forms four covalent bonds and has no lone pairs in its ground state.
Germanium (Ge) has 2 lone pairs of electrons.
Germanium (Ge) has four valence electrons and can form four bonds by sharing these electrons. In its most common oxidation state, +4, germanium typically forms four covalent bonds with other atoms, resulting in no lone pairs. However, in certain compounds or coordination complexes, it can exhibit lone pairs depending on its hybridization and bonding environment.
two bonds and eight lone pairs
Boron typically forms three bonds and has no lone pairs due to its electron configuration.
In the case of carbon (C), it typically forms 4 bonds and has 0 lone pairs.
None.
In SiCl4, silicon has no lone pairs because it forms four bonds with chlorine atoms, satisfying its octet rule.
There are no lone pairs in the nitrate ion (NO3-). The nitrogen atom forms three sigma bonds with oxygen atoms, leaving no non-bonding pairs of electrons.
There are two lone pairs on the sulfur atom in SO2Cl2. The sulfur atom has a total of 6 valence electrons, with two bonds to oxygen atoms and two bonds to chlorine atoms. This leaves two lone pairs of electrons on the sulfur atom.
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