Two
There are two unpaired electrons predicted for the ground state configuration of bismuth (Bi).
To deduce the number of unpaired electrons in the ground state configuration of an atom, you can follow Hund's Rule. Fill up the orbitals with electrons, pairing them up first before placing them in separate orbitals. The unpaired electrons are those that remain in separate orbitals after all orbitals are filled with paired electrons. Count these unpaired electrons to determine the total.
Radium (Ra) has an atomic number of 88, which means it has 88 electrons. Its electron configuration is [Rn] 7s², indicating that the 7s subshell is fully filled with two electrons, leaving no unpaired electrons. Therefore, radium has zero unpaired electrons in its ground state.
Stadium (St) is an element with the atomic number 51. It has a ground-state electron configuration of [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p³. In this configuration, the 5p subshell has three electrons, which are unpaired. Therefore, there are three unpaired electrons in stadium.
In the ground state, only one of the elements listed has 1 unpaired electron: aluminum (Al). Boron (B) has 3 unpaired electrons, oxygen (O) has 2 unpaired electrons, and fluorine (F) has 1 unpaired electron but is already fully paired in its 2p orbital. Therefore, the total count of elements with 1 unpaired electron is two: Al and F.
3
There are two unpaired electrons predicted for the ground state configuration of bismuth (Bi).
For the ground state electron configuration of an element, we look at the filling of orbitals up to that element's atomic number. Tantalum (Ta) has an atomic number of 73, belonging to the transition metals, and has a ground state electron configuration of [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 6d3 7s2. Counting the number of electrons in the partially filled orbitals (5d and 6d), there are 3 unpaired electrons.
Phosphorus has three unpaired electrons in its ground state.
An atom of antimony in its ground state has 3 unpaired electrons.
There are 5 unpaired electrons in Fe^3+ in its ground state.
3 electrons. This can be told from the periodic table. These electrons are in the 2p orbital.
Iodine has one unpaired electron in its ground state.
There are 5 unpaired electrons in Fe^3+ in its ground state.
Magnesium has five unpaired electrons and is therefor paramagnetic
There are 0 unpaired electrons which would make it diamagnetic
Hund's Rule