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Only a tiny fraction of it is. Most of earth's surface is desert or tundra, and as such is largely unoccupied. Mumbai has 30,000 people per square kilometer. Karachi, Pakistan has about 20,000. Sapporo, Japan, about 5000. Denver, Colorado has only 1,500 people per square km.

The median of the world's 125 largest cities is Manchester, UK, at about 4000 people per square mile. We'll use that for our average. There are a little over 7 billion people on earth now. Using the average of 4000/km2, that works out to 1.75 million square kilometers (675 thousand square miles) of "urban" landscape, which would include roads, bridges, etc.

Approximately 150 million square km of earth's surface is land, so 1.75/150 = just a little over 1% covered by human construction. This estimate seems reasonable.

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12y ago

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