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No. An ion is a positively or negatively charged atom, or group of atoms due to more or less electrons than necassary. Both barium and sulfate are ions, but together they are a compound, not an ion.

Barium Sulfate is a chemical compound made up of two ions, a barium ion and a sulfate ion. A Barium ion is Ba+2, meaning it has two less electrons that a barium atom has. The reason for this is because the barium atom has 56 total electrons. Every atom wants to be ion with a filled valence shell, that is to have the same or similar electronic configuration of a noble gas (the elements in the right most column). The valence shell is the outermost shell of electrons and for barium the other shell is 8 electrons. In order for Barium to do this, it has to somehow lose 2 electrons to become similar to Xenon's electronic configuration.

Sulfate, SO4 -2, is also an ion. the -2 means it has aqcuired 2 more electrons from another ion. It got those two electrons from the barium atom, simultaneously making the barium atom a barium ion. Sulfate is called a polyatomic ion, meaning an ion made up of more than 1 atom.

When the barium ion gives the sulfate ion two electrons, thus making both electronic configurations "happy" they bond together to make an ionic bond, creating the compound barium sulfate.

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