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The processes as performed on humans are given different names but they can be done. Making a male dog, horse or other domestic animal unable to reproduce is called "neutering." In humans it is called "castration" and may be a gross physical cutting or a more precise surgical procedure that removes or disconnects the reproductive organs. Making a female domestic animal unable to reproduce is called "spaying." This involves abdominal surgery to remove the ovaries and uterus, or just the ovaries. It is less commonly used in humans with the intention of making the person sterile, although such surgeries are used for other medical reasons. The more common means of surgically controlling female fertility is a tubal ligation (severing the fallopian tubes).

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