Calcium, magnesium, iron and manganese ions, the first two are the commonest in household water.
Permanent hardness of water is caused by the presence of dissolved calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, which cannot be removed through boiling. These minerals form insoluble compounds that remain in the water even after treatment, leading to permanent hardness.
Temporary hardness of water: CaHCO3, MgHCO3 Permanent hardness of water: CaSO4, MgSO4
Hardness in water is usually characterised as temporary or permanent. Both are due to the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. If they are present as the hydrogen carbonate, when the water is boiled this is converted to the carbonate which precipitates out as a solid, leaving water which is no longer hard, so this is called temporary hardness. If they are present as the sulfate the solution is unaffected by boiling, and this is called permanent hardness.
Hardness in water is usually characterised as temporary or permanent. Both are due to the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. If they are present as the hydrogen carbonate, when the water is boiled this is converted to the carbonate which precipitates out as a solid, leaving water which is no longer hard, so this is called temporary hardness. If they are present as the sulfate the solution is unaffected by boiling, and this is called permanent hardness.
Temporary hardness of water is due to the presence of calcium hydrogentrioxocarbonate(IV) which decompose on heating.when this water is heated calcium trioxocarbonate(iv) is form as insoluble and this brings the ca+ out of the solution as precipitate.once the ca+ re out of the solution soap can now lather well.
Permanent hardness in water is hardness due to the presence of the chlorides, nitrates and sulphates of calcium and magnesium, which will not be precipitated by boiling.
zeolites
Permanent hardness of water is caused by the presence of dissolved calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, which cannot be removed through boiling. These minerals form insoluble compounds that remain in the water even after treatment, leading to permanent hardness.
Temporary hardness of water: CaHCO3, MgHCO3 Permanent hardness of water: CaSO4, MgSO4
Hardness in water is usually characterised as temporary or permanent. Both are due to the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. If they are present as the hydrogen carbonate, when the water is boiled this is converted to the carbonate which precipitates out as a solid, leaving water which is no longer hard, so this is called temporary hardness. If they are present as the sulfate the solution is unaffected by boiling, and this is called permanent hardness.
Hardness in water is usually characterised as temporary or permanent. Both are due to the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. If they are present as the hydrogen carbonate, when the water is boiled this is converted to the carbonate which precipitates out as a solid, leaving water which is no longer hard, so this is called temporary hardness. If they are present as the sulfate the solution is unaffected by boiling, and this is called permanent hardness.
here two type of hardness 1-temporery 2-permanent *temporery hardness-it is also known as carbonate hardness and alkiliny hardness.it is unstable hardness.it is remove by boiling.it is the due presence of carbonate.
Temporary hardness of water is due to the presence of calcium hydrogentrioxocarbonate(IV) which decompose on heating.when this water is heated calcium trioxocarbonate(iv) is form as insoluble and this brings the ca+ out of the solution as precipitate.once the ca+ re out of the solution soap can now lather well.
calcium and magnesium
Carbonate hardness is the measure of hard ions associated with carbonate and bicarbonate anions contained in the water.Noncarbonate hardness is the portion of total hardness in water that is not produced by carbonates, but primarily by sulfate anions.
Permanent hardness is hardness (mineral content) that cannot be removed by boiling. It is usually caused by the presence in the water of calcium and magnesium sulphates or chlorides which become more soluble as the temperature rises.
Boiling method