Temporary hardness of water: CaHCO3, MgHCO3
Permanent hardness of water: CaSO4, MgSO4
Hardness in water is usually characterised as temporary or permanent. Both are due to the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. If they are present as the hydrogen carbonate, when the water is boiled this is converted to the carbonate which precipitates out as a solid, leaving water which is no longer hard, so this is called temporary hardness. If they are present as the sulfate the solution is unaffected by boiling, and this is called permanent hardness.
Hardness in water is usually characterised as temporary or permanent. Both are due to the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. If they are present as the hydrogen carbonate, when the water is boiled this is converted to the carbonate which precipitates out as a solid, leaving water which is no longer hard, so this is called temporary hardness. If they are present as the sulfate the solution is unaffected by boiling, and this is called permanent hardness.
Permanent hardness of water is typically caused by the presence of calcium sulfate (CaSO4) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) in the water. These minerals do not precipitate out of solution when water is boiled, unlike temporary hardness caused by calcium bicarbonate which can be easily removed by boiling. Permanent hardness can be removed through processes like ion exchange or chemical precipitation.
Temporary hardness of water is due to the presence of calcium hydrogentrioxocarbonate(IV) which decompose on heating.when this water is heated calcium trioxocarbonate(iv) is form as insoluble and this brings the ca+ out of the solution as precipitate.once the ca+ re out of the solution soap can now lather well.
Permanent hardness of water is caused by the presence of dissolved calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, which cannot be removed through boiling. These minerals form insoluble compounds that remain in the water even after treatment, leading to permanent hardness.
Hardness in water is usually characterised as temporary or permanent. Both are due to the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. If they are present as the hydrogen carbonate, when the water is boiled this is converted to the carbonate which precipitates out as a solid, leaving water which is no longer hard, so this is called temporary hardness. If they are present as the sulfate the solution is unaffected by boiling, and this is called permanent hardness.
Boiling method
calcium and magnesium
Permanent hardness is hardness (mineral content) that cannot be removed by boiling. It is usually caused by the presence in the water of calcium and magnesium sulphates or chlorides which become more soluble as the temperature rises.
Hardness in water is usually characterised as temporary or permanent. Both are due to the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. If they are present as the hydrogen carbonate, when the water is boiled this is converted to the carbonate which precipitates out as a solid, leaving water which is no longer hard, so this is called temporary hardness. If they are present as the sulfate the solution is unaffected by boiling, and this is called permanent hardness.
here two type of hardness 1-temporery 2-permanent *temporery hardness-it is also known as carbonate hardness and alkiliny hardness.it is unstable hardness.it is remove by boiling.it is the due presence of carbonate.
1. Only the temporary hardness of water (caused by bicarbonates) is decreased by boiling: bicarbonates were transformed in insoluble carbonates and these compounds become a precipitate. 2. The permanent hardness is not influenced by temperature.
Permanent hardness of water is typically caused by the presence of calcium sulfate (CaSO4) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) in the water. These minerals do not precipitate out of solution when water is boiled, unlike temporary hardness caused by calcium bicarbonate which can be easily removed by boiling. Permanent hardness can be removed through processes like ion exchange or chemical precipitation.
by boiling
Temporary hardness of water is due to the presence of calcium hydrogentrioxocarbonate(IV) which decompose on heating.when this water is heated calcium trioxocarbonate(iv) is form as insoluble and this brings the ca+ out of the solution as precipitate.once the ca+ re out of the solution soap can now lather well.
Permanent hardness in water is hardness due to the presence of the chlorides, nitrates and sulphates of calcium and magnesium, which will not be precipitated by boiling.
Permanent hardness of water is caused by the presence of dissolved calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, which cannot be removed through boiling. These minerals form insoluble compounds that remain in the water even after treatment, leading to permanent hardness.