Only the simpler concepts of the 2nd law can be stated at a child's level. Many of them have no simple explanation because they involve equations that can only be written as differentials and integrals.
Some of the simple parts of it though are:
To warm up something cold, you have to use something that is warmer. To cool something down, you have to use something that is cooler.
No matter how hot they are, you can't just pull heat out of the air or water to run a machine; you have to have something cold for the heat to move into and then you might be able to get some work out a machine you put between the hot and the cold that can use some of the energy moving from the hot to the cold.
"Unavailable for doing work" is related to the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
Second Law of Thermodynamics
The Second Law of Thermodynamics.
Actually Murphy's law has been suggested (humorously) as "the fourth law of thermodynamics". It is only peripherally related the the second law. One of the implications of the second law is that an increase in disorder in the universe is a consequence of natural processes. Some have suggested that Murphy's law (If any thing can go wrong, it will.) is an example of this. Strictly speaking - this is quite different from the 2nd law but when someone screws up, it sure does tend to cause a lot of disorder!
The work of Sadi Carnot, a French engineer, on the efficiency of heat engines in the early 19th century led to the formulation of the second law of thermodynamics. Carnot's insights on the limitations of heat engine efficiency laid the foundation for the development of the second law, which eventually became a fundamental principle in thermodynamics.
"Unavailable for doing work" is related to the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
second law
Second Law of Thermodynamics
The fact that usable energy is always lost in an energy transfer is due to the second law of thermodynamics. This law states that entropy, or disorder, tends to increase over time in a closed system, leading to the loss of usable energy in the form of heat.
True
There is no commonly accepted law by that name, as far as I know. Two important laws about energy are the First Law of Thermodynamics and the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
According to the second law of Thermodynamics, the amount of usable energy will continuously decrease.According to the second law of Thermodynamics, the amount of usable energy will continuously decrease.According to the second law of Thermodynamics, the amount of usable energy will continuously decrease.According to the second law of Thermodynamics, the amount of usable energy will continuously decrease.
The second law does not allow complete conversion of heat into work.
The Second Law of Thermodynamics.
The second law of thermodynamics states that a system with no energy input and no energy losses will tend toward dissolution.
Entropy is closely related to the 2nd law of thermodynamics, not the 1st law. The 1st law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted. Entropy, on the other hand, is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system, which increases over time according to the 2nd law of thermodynamics.
Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system. In the context of thermodynamics and the second law of thermodynamics, entropy tends to increase over time in isolated systems. This means that energy tends to disperse and become less organized, leading to a decrease in the system's ability to do work. The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of a closed system will always increase or remain constant, but never decrease.