Movement of water is a passive process called osmosis. It always moves from an area of higher concentration of water to a lower concentration of water.
The movement of fluids in and out of a cell is called osmosis. Osmosis specifically refers to the passive movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. Additionally, the general movement of fluids and other substances into and out of cells can also be described by terms like diffusion and active transport, depending on the mechanisms involved.
In terms of diffusion, salt and water move across a semi-permeable membrane due to concentration gradients. Water molecules diffuse from an area of lower solute concentration (hypotonic solution) to an area of higher solute concentration (hypertonic solution) in a process called osmosis. Conversely, salt ions may diffuse from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration. This movement continues until equilibrium is reached, where the concentrations of salt and water become balanced on both sides of the membrane.
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Active transport requires energy in the form of ATP to move molecules across the cell membrane against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and relies on the concentration gradient to move molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Additionally, active transport can move molecules in both directions across the membrane, while passive transport can only move molecules down the concentration gradient.
Diffusion is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration without the need for a protein. Facilitated diffusion also moves molecules from high to low concentration, but requires a specific protein to help them pass through the membrane.
Facilitated diffusion involves the movement of molecules across a cell membrane with the help of specific proteins, while simple diffusion does not require any proteins and relies on the molecules moving freely through the membrane.
The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane is called osmosis.
Diffusion is the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to low concentration, while bulk flow is the movement of substances in a fluid due to pressure differences. Diffusion occurs passively, while bulk flow requires energy.
Both simple and facilitated diffusion are passive processes that involve the movement of molecules across the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. They do not require energy input from the cell. In both processes, molecules move through specific channels or carrier proteins in the cell membrane to facilitate their transport.
The terms "plasma membrane" and "cell membrane" are often used interchangeably to refer to the same structure. Both terms refer to the semipermeable lipid bilayer that surrounds the cell and controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
"Defined items" are defined in terms of "undefined terms".
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of higher water potential to an area of lower water potential. Water potential is the potential energy of water molecules to move from one place to another and is influenced by factors like pressure and solute concentration.
No osmosis is actually a special term used just for the movement of water across a cell membrane. We don't use that term for anything else. Diffusion is for the movement of other substances but not always involving a cell membrane. For example, scent can diffuse in the air. Science tends to be like this but it is important to use exact terms.
"Defined items" are defined in terms of "undefined terms".
Facilitated diffusion and active transport are similar in that they both involve the movement of substances across the cell membrane with the help of specific proteins. However, facilitated diffusion does not require energy, while active transport does require energy in the form of ATP to move substances against their concentration gradient.
Channel proteins facilitate the passive movement of molecules across cell membranes by creating a pore or channel for them to pass through. Carrier proteins, on the other hand, actively transport molecules by binding to them and undergoing a conformational change to move them across the membrane.