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An atom of the same element with a different number of neutrons is called an isotope.

If the element loses/gains a proton, then the element changes, but a different number of neutrons simply changes the isotope of the element in question. For instance:

Nitrogen-14 (Atomic Mass 14, normal Nitrogen) has 7 protons, electrons, and neutrons. If we add a proton and an electron, then it changes to Oxygen-15, which is unstable, and therefore radioactive. However, if we add a neutron to our Nitrogen-14, it becomes Nitrogen-15, which just happens to be a stable isotope (and in fact makes up 0.37% of the Nitrogen in the air).

Finally, if we add a Proton/Electron and a neutron to Nitrogen-14, we get Oxygen-16, which unlike Oxygen-15, is perfectly stable (and it better be, as Oxygen-16 makes up about 99% of the Oxygen we need to survive).

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