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Glucose carriers are specialized proteins located in cell membranes that facilitate the transport of glucose into cells. They function by binding to glucose molecules and undergoing conformational changes to shuttle glucose across the membrane, a process that can be either passive or active depending on the carrier type. Key glucose carriers include GLUT transporters, which operate primarily through facilitated diffusion, and SGLT transporters, which utilize sodium gradients to actively transport glucose. These carriers are essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis in the body, enabling cells to access the energy needed for various metabolic processes.
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Why equilibrium was not reached with 10mm glucose and 100 membrane Carriers?
Equilibrium was not reached with 10 mM glucose and 100 membrane carriers likely due to saturation of the carriers. When the concentration of glucose exceeds the transport capacity of the carriers, not all glucose molecules can be transported across the membrane simultaneously. Additionally, if the carriers have a limited turnover rate, the influx of glucose may outpace the rate at which it can be transported, preventing equilibrium from being achieved.
What happens to the concentration of glucose in urine as the number of glucose carriers increase?
As the number of glucose carriers increase, the concentration of glucose in the urine will decrease. This is because more glucose is being reabsorbed by the kidneys back into the bloodstream, reducing the amount of glucose that gets excreted in the urine.
Which carriers of energy are produced by Calvin cycle?
NADP+, ADP, and glucose
Glucose can be elevated in the blood of a diabetic person Relate this information to glucose in the urine and glucose carriers?
When blood glucose levels are high in a diabetic person, the kidneys may not be able to reabsorb all the glucose, leading to glucose spilling into the urine (glucosuria). Glucose carriers, such as SGLT2 in the kidney tubules, may become saturated, causing excess glucose to be excreted in the urine. This can be an indication of uncontrolled diabetes and a mechanism for reducing high blood glucose levels.
How does a cell solve the problem of glucose being to big to pass through the cell membrane?
Cells use transport proteins, such as glucose transporters, to facilitate the movement of glucose molecules across the cell membrane. These transporters act as channels or carriers that allow glucose to pass through the membrane, overcoming the barrier posed by its size.
Why equilibrium was not reached with 10mm glucose and 100 membrane Carriers?
Equilibrium was not reached with 10 mM glucose and 100 membrane carriers likely due to saturation of the carriers. When the concentration of glucose exceeds the transport capacity of the carriers, not all glucose molecules can be transported across the membrane simultaneously. Additionally, if the carriers have a limited turnover rate, the influx of glucose may outpace the rate at which it can be transported, preventing equilibrium from being achieved.
What happens to the concentration of glucose in urine as the number of glucose carriers increase?
As the number of glucose carriers increase, the concentration of glucose in the urine will decrease. This is because more glucose is being reabsorbed by the kidneys back into the bloodstream, reducing the amount of glucose that gets excreted in the urine.
Which carriers of energy are produced by Calvin cycle?
NADP+, ADP, and glucose
Glucose can be elevated in the blood of a diabetic person Relate this information to glucose in the urine and glucose carriers?
When blood glucose levels are high in a diabetic person, the kidneys may not be able to reabsorb all the glucose, leading to glucose spilling into the urine (glucosuria). Glucose carriers, such as SGLT2 in the kidney tubules, may become saturated, causing excess glucose to be excreted in the urine. This can be an indication of uncontrolled diabetes and a mechanism for reducing high blood glucose levels.
How does a cell solve the problem of glucose being to big to pass through the cell membrane?
Cells use transport proteins, such as glucose transporters, to facilitate the movement of glucose molecules across the cell membrane. These transporters act as channels or carriers that allow glucose to pass through the membrane, overcoming the barrier posed by its size.
Why do cells need carriers proteins that transport glucose?
Large molecules, such as glucose, are not able to pass through the cell membrane. Therefore proteins are needed to transport them across.
What form of transport is used by the cell membrane to speed up the intake of glucose?
Facilitated diffusion is the transport process used by the cell membrane to speed up the intake of glucose. This process involves the use of protein channels or carriers to help glucose molecules pass through the membrane.
How many total electron carriers made in Krebs cycle with one glucose?
In one turn of the Krebs cycle (also known as the citric acid cycle), each acetyl-CoA that enters produces three NADH and one FADH2. Since one glucose molecule generates two acetyl-CoA molecules during glycolysis, the total electron carriers produced from one glucose molecule are six NADH and two FADH2. Therefore, the total number of electron carriers made in the Krebs cycle from one glucose molecule is eight.
In a healthy person which structure transport glucose?
In a healthy person, glucose is primarily transported in the bloodstream by the protein carriers known as glucose transporters (GLUT). The most significant of these is GLUT4, which is insulin-responsive and facilitates glucose uptake into muscle and fat cells. Additionally, the intestines absorb glucose from digested food, where it then enters the bloodstream for distribution to cells throughout the body.
What substance enters the cell by attachment to a passive-transport protein carrier?
Glucose is a substance that enters cells by attaching to passive-transport protein carriers known as glucose transporters. These transporters facilitate the movement of glucose across the cell membrane down its concentration gradient.
How do the light reaction help the Calvin cycle?
they provide energy carriers
How can a cell speed up its intake of glucose from the environment?
A cell can speed up its intake of glucose from the environment by increasing the number of glucose transporters on its cell membrane. This allows more glucose molecules to enter the cell at a faster rate. Additionally, the cell can increase its energy consumption to create a higher demand for glucose, driving the need for faster uptake.
