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Lines of latitude and longitude are imaginary lines on maps of the world. Latitude is measured by degrees north or south of the equator and lines of latitude are parallel to each other.

Lines of longitude are drawn so that they cut through both north and south pole, so each is progressively closer to the next as they get closer to the poles and maximum distance apart at the equator. The line of longitude that passes through Greenwich in London (UK) is called the prime meridian and other lines of longitude are referred to it, so New York (USA) is about 74º west and Melbourne (Australia) is about 145º east.

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