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What are some examples of proteins produced by genes?
Examples of proteins produced by genes include insulin, hemoglobin, collagen, and antibodies. These proteins serve various functions in the body, such as regulating blood sugar levels, carrying oxygen in red blood cells, providing structural support to tissues, and defending against pathogens.
Nucleotide sequences of DNA that code for a particular trait or protein are know as what?
A string of nucleotides that has instructions for a certain trait is a gene. :)
Do both chloroplasts and mitochondria lack genetic information in the form of DNA?
No, mitochondria have their own DNA separate from the nuclear DNA found in the cell. This DNA encodes for some of the proteins needed for mitochondrial function. Chloroplasts also have their own DNA, containing genes that code for some chloroplast-specific proteins.
What type of genes are found in mitochondria?
It is highly suggested by observation that the few genes left to mitochondria to synthesize some proteins are prokaryote in nature as they are circular in the structure of the single chromosome.
Different between DNA and polypeptide?
DNA is divided into functional units called genes. A gene(def) is a segment of DNA that codes for a functional product (mRNA, tRNA, or rRNA). Since the vast majority of genes are transcribed into mRNA and mRNA is subsequently translated into polypeptides or proteins, most genes code for protein synthesis. The term polypeptide (def) refers to many amino acids (def) connected by peptide bonds (def). While all proteins are polypeptides, not all polypeptides are proteins. In some cases, smaller polypeptides coded for by two or more genes must be joined together to produce a functional protein. In other cases, as will be mentioned below, mRNA carries a transcript of several genes resulting in the synthesis of a large polypeptide that must subsequently be cleaved by enzymes called proteases into two or more smaller functional proteins. For simplicity, we will use the term proteinwhen referring to the end product of transcription and translation.-sudarvizhi prashanth
Do all genes code for proteins?
No, not all genes code for proteins. Some genes code for other types of molecules, such as RNA, which play important roles in regulating gene expression and other cellular processes.
What are some other proteins that genes code for besides the ones mentioned?
In addition to the proteins mentioned, genes can code for a wide variety of other proteins such as enzymes, hormones, antibodies, and structural proteins. These proteins play important roles in various biological processes within the body.
True or False some genes code for enzymes?
True. Some genes code for enzyme proteins, which are essential for catalyzing biochemical reactions in the body. These enzymes play key roles in processes such as metabolism, cellular signaling, and DNA replication.
A typical gene contains the instructions for making?
It depends. Some genes determine a single trait all by themselves. Some genes work with other genes to make a trait. It takes several separate genes to determine how tall you will be. And then there are other genes that by themselves determine multiple traits. Each gene is the code for a peptide chain. Many of those become proteins.
Are the instructions for making some proteins not specified by genes?
No, all proteins are encoded by genes. The instructions for making proteins are specified in the sequence of nucleotides in the DNA. Genes provide the blueprint for the sequence of amino acids in a protein, which determines its structure and function.
Does every gene code for one protein?
yes, a single gene can code for multiple proteins by the process of alternative splicing. DNA is transcribed into m-RNA and that is then translated into proteins. The pre m-RNA can be coded for at different sites, it can contain introns that create a different code, or it can have exons spliced from it.
What materials does the genetic code produce?
The genetic code produces proteins by specifying the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. These amino acids are coded for by specific sequences of nucleotides in the DNA. The proteins produced play crucial roles in nearly all cellular functions.
How is it possible that there is twice as many proteins as there are genes and at the same time some genes do not code for protein?
About 1/3 of the coding genes have splicing variants . On average each gene has ~1.7 splicing varinats. My rough calculation is based a glance on NCBI gene database.
What are proteins made in cell?
The proteins that are made in the cell are the ones that the genes transcribe and thus translated into protein. Central dogma of biology is that a gene will transcribe mRNA which will then be translated into protein. Every cell has the entire human genetic code but will not produce all the possible protein. Genes are generally suppressed or inhibited. So some signal or some factor that will serve as an inhibitor of the suppressor of specific genes will cause a specific gene to be transcribed and thus specific proteins to be expressed. So in a cell whatever signals that induce transcription will make those specific proteins.
Do cell membranes contain genes?
No, they do not. They do contain some proteins and fats called lipids. Genes are found in the cell nucleus in the form of DNA.
How do proteins relate to to DNA?
DNA carries the genetic code - the instructions for protein production. These instructions are copied (transcribed) onto mRNA, which then travel to the ribosomes. The codon on the mRNA is read and the corresponding sequence of amino acids is joined to create a protein.
What are some examples of proteins produced by genes?
Examples of proteins produced by genes include insulin, hemoglobin, collagen, and antibodies. These proteins serve various functions in the body, such as regulating blood sugar levels, carrying oxygen in red blood cells, providing structural support to tissues, and defending against pathogens.
