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The sections that go up an down are called columns, groups, or families. The ones that go left to right are rows or periods.

1st column: (except for Hydrogen, it's a nonmetal) Alkali Metals

2nd column: Alkali Earth Metals

3rd column through 12th column: Transition Metals

Then nonmetals start at column 13 from Boron to Oxygen and follow down "steps" that outline these nonmetals. B, Si, As, and Te are the outlined "steps" of the nonmetals, and they are nonmetals.

Then Al down to Tl then to the right to Po outline other metals, and also follow the nonmetal "steps."

17th column: Halogens

18th column: Noble Gases

On the bottom of the table, there are two separated rows. The top row is known as the Lanthanide Series, and the bottom row is known as the Actinide Series.

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