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Nucleic acids are made of monomers known as nucleotides. There are 3 parts to nucleotides: one of 4 nitrogenous bases, a sugar, and a phosphate group.

RNA as well as DNA are both nucleotides.

The four bases in DNA are: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine (present in DNA only). Plus a slightly different base: Uracil (present in RNA only).

The sugars are deoxyribose (in DNA) and ribose (in RNA).

The Phosphate groups plus the sugars form the sides of the ladder as the molecule comes together. The bases are the rungs or steps on the ladder. The entire molecule will form a twisted ladder when fully complete.

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