ATP and NADPH
The light-independent reactions are also called the Calvin cycle because they involve the fixation of carbon dioxide into organic molecules, primarily glucose, through a series of chemical reactions. These reactions do not require light directly, hence the term "light-independent." They occur in the stroma of chloroplasts and utilize ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent reactions to drive the process.
Actually, carbon dioxide molecules enter the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions) of photosynthesis, not the light-dependent reactions. In the Calvin cycle, carbon dioxide is converted into glucose with the help of ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent reactions.
The Calvin cycle does not require light, these reactions are also called the Light Independent reactions.
Photosynthesis can be broken down into two main stages: light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle). In the light-dependent reactions, light energy is used to split water molecules into oxygen, protons, and electrons. In the Calvin cycle, these electrons are used to assimilate carbon dioxide into organic molecules like glucose.
Light-dependent reactions produce ATP and NADPH, which are used as energy sources for the light-independent reactions. These reactions also produce oxygen as a byproduct, which is essential for cellular respiration. Light-independent reactions use the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions to convert carbon dioxide into organic molecules, such as sugars.
They are ATP and NADH. They are energy carrying molecules.
ATP and NADPH molecules carry energy to the light-independent reactions, also known as the Calvin cycle. These molecules are produced during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, where sunlight is used to generate their energy-rich forms.
Glucose, NADP and ADP
They are ATP and NADH. They are energy carrying molecules.
splitting of water molecules
The products of light-dependent reactions are used in light-independent reactions.
The chemical reactions of the light-dependent process occur in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts. Key reactions include light absorption by chlorophyll, the splitting of water molecules to release oxygen, and the generation of ATP and NADPH molecules. These reactions are essential for the production of energy-rich molecules that drive the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis.
In photosynthesis, the light reactions converts the sunlight int chemical energy (ATP molecules, NADH+H). Dark reactions (light independent reactions) do not use sunlight directly, but use energy stored in ATP and NADH molecules combined with CO2 to produce sugars.
The light-independent reactions are also called the Calvin cycle because they involve the fixation of carbon dioxide into organic molecules, primarily glucose, through a series of chemical reactions. These reactions do not require light directly, hence the term "light-independent." They occur in the stroma of chloroplasts and utilize ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent reactions to drive the process.
Biochemical reactions in photosynthesis that produce organic molecules from carbon dioxide, that do not need light. This means that the aforementioned processes are 'independent of light'. N.B. Light refers to sunlight
In photosynthesis, the light reactions converts the sunlight int chemical energy (ATP molecules, NADH+H). Dark reactions (light independent reactions) do not use sunlight directly, but use energy stored in ATP and NADH molecules combined with CO2 to produce sugars.
Actually, carbon dioxide molecules enter the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions) of photosynthesis, not the light-dependent reactions. In the Calvin cycle, carbon dioxide is converted into glucose with the help of ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent reactions.