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DNA molecules are actually made up of nucleotides, which is the substance that is made up of three parts. Each nucleotide has a phosphate, a ribose sugar (five-carbon sugar) and a nitrogeneous base (purines-Adenine,Thymine or pyramidines-Guanine,Cytosine). Consider the DNA molecule as a twisted ladder (double helix). The sides of the ladder are actually the phosphate and ribose sugars, and the rungs of the ladder are complimentary nitrogeneous bases of each other. For example, if one side of the rung is the base Adenine, then the complimentary base will be Thymine, vice versa. It is the same for the pyramidines.

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