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There are a number of factors that determine the size and shape of a crater.

The two most significant are the mass of the impactor, and the speed.

Other influential factors would include the composition of the object (solid rock or more aggregate, like pebbles? Ice?) the shape of the object, and the composition of the impact site. If it is on dry land, it will be more likely to leave a visible crater, while a water or marshy impact site would be quickly erased. If a water impact, the depth of the water and the topography of the surrounding seas would be vastly important. A strike in a deep ocean basin might be relatively mild, while a water strike in the South China Sea or Gulf of Mexico, with the constricted water flow, might result in catastrophic tsunamis inundating the surrounding areas.

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