Geothermal presure.
magma
The oceans flow to the places where the crust is the lowest. Gravity causes them to flow downward. The mantle, below the crust, is at the same depth everywhere, so if the crust is lower, it is because it is thinner.
The term for the flow of magma through cracks in the Earth's surface is called volcanic eruption. During an eruption, magma is forced through fissures or vents onto the surface, leading to the formation of volcanic features like lava flows, ash clouds, and pyroclastic flows.
That definition could apply to any volcano.
Volcanoes occur when there is a rupture in the Earth's crust, allowing magma to rise to the surface. This magma can erupt explosively or flow out more gently, forming different types of volcanoes. Volcanic activity is driven by the movement of tectonic plates and the melting of rock beneath the Earth's surface.
The tectonic plates push together thus causing magma to shoot up and rise hence an eruption
magma
The force that causes most of the plate movement is thermal convection, where heat from the earth's interior causes currents of hot rising magma and cooler sinking magma to flow, moving the of plate the crust along with them.
The earth's crust moves because the earth has tectonic plates that move because the magma under the earth's surface is constantly boiling. Since the water moves, it causes the earth's crust to move.
The oceans flow to the places where the crust is the lowest. Gravity causes them to flow downward. The mantle, below the crust, is at the same depth everywhere, so if the crust is lower, it is because it is thinner.
A lava flow may flow over the surface from a fissure deep enough to reach the magma layer. Or, if under pressure, an eruption from a volcano.
I believe the answer you may be looking for is either Lava or a Volcano
The term for the flow of magma through cracks in the Earth's surface is called volcanic eruption. During an eruption, magma is forced through fissures or vents onto the surface, leading to the formation of volcanic features like lava flows, ash clouds, and pyroclastic flows.
That definition could apply to any volcano.
Volcanoes occur when there is a rupture in the Earth's crust, allowing magma to rise to the surface. This magma can erupt explosively or flow out more gently, forming different types of volcanoes. Volcanic activity is driven by the movement of tectonic plates and the melting of rock beneath the Earth's surface.
Any movement of magma inside the Earth is called magma migration. Magma migrates due to differences in pressure, density, and temperature within the Earth's mantle, moving towards the crust through fissures or fractures. This movement can lead to volcanic activity when the magma reaches the surface.
When magma begins to form a dome shape and pushes the crust outward in a hill formation, it is called a volcanic dome. These domes are typically formed from highly viscous magma that cannot easily flow away, causing it to build up vertically near the volcano's vent.