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The types of rock and soil determines where and how much the ground shakes.

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Which surface wave shakes the ground in a rolling elliptical shape?

The surface wave that shakes the ground in a rolling elliptical shape is called the Rayleigh wave. Rayleigh waves travel along the surface of solids and cause both vertical and horizontal ground movement, resulting in a rolling motion that resembles ocean waves. They are typically the most destructive type of seismic wave during an earthquake.


What happens on land during an earthquake?

During an earthquake, the ground shakes due to the movement of tectonic plates beneath the Earth's surface. This shaking can cause buildings, roads, and other structures to be damaged or collapse. Landslides and ground fissures can also occur, increasing the risk of property damage and injury.


How much ground movement has there been?

Ground movement can vary widely depending on location and geological conditions. It can range from centimeters per year in stable regions to meters in areas with high seismic activity. Monitoring systems in place provide data on ground movement to help assess potential risks.


What makes ground to shake?

Ground shakes due to the release of energy in the Earth's crust, caused by tectonic plate movements, volcanic activity, or human activities like mining or explosions. When these stresses are released suddenly, seismic waves are generated, leading to the ground shaking or vibrating.


Why do earthquakes destroy some buildings and not others?

Daring an earthquake, the ground shakes, twists, and heaves, causing buildings to move. Houses can shift on their foundations, crack, and tumble to the ground. Some buildings, however, are built to withstand violent earthquakes. Some are also braced with special materials to keep them standing.