A scientist who studies life before birth is typically referred to as a developmental biologist or an embryologist. These professionals focus on the processes of embryonic development, including the formation and growth of organisms from fertilization to birth. Their research often involves understanding genetic, molecular, and environmental factors that influence development.
A scientist that studies fungi is called a mycologist.
A chemist
A scientist who studies gems such as rubies and diamonds is called a gemologist. They are experts in identifying and evaluating the quality and characteristics of gemstones.
A scientist who studies DNA double helix is called a molecular geneticist or a geneticist specializing in molecular biology.
They would probably either be an Atmospheric Scientist or an Oceanographer if they were studying the phenomenon itself, depending on which aspect they're looking at.
A biotechnology scientist.
An Oceanographer. Marine Biologist, that sort of thing.
A scientist that studies viruses is called a virologist.
A scientist who studies mollusks is called a teuthologist.
A scientist that studies bears would be called an ursinologist.
virologist
An aviologist.
biologist
A meteorologist.
A vulcanologist
Mineralogists
Bridgeologist