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An action potential does not have a conduction velocity. Rather, it makes sense to measure the conduction velocity of nerves or nerve cells and this is usually done in metres per second (m/s.).

An action potential is characterised as "an all or none response". This means you cannot alter the characteristics of an action potential in a given nerve cell. If you get a nerve cell and manage to get it to threshold, produce and measure an action potential 1000 times or more at the exact same point on the cell, the action potential you measure will not change in timing or amplitude.

Information travels down a nerve cell through action potentials. But it is not one action potential that travels the whole length of the axon. Instead what happens is that one action potential causes the next bit of the nerve cell to reach threshold and therefore creates an entirely new action potential. So you actually need multiple action potentials to happen along a nerve cell to send information down it. We call this "propagation of action potentials" since each action potential produces a new one. More properly, it is referred to as "saltatory action potential conduction".

Conduction velocity is basically a measure of how quickly we can produce a series of action potentials to travel the distance of the nerve cell axon. Since action potentials only happen at each "Node of Ranvier", then the longer the distance between each node (internodal distance), the faster the conduction velocity of a nerve cell. Since the internodal distance is positively correlated with myelin thickness, more thickly myelinated nerve cells have faster conduction velocities. The thickest and fastest nerve cells are motor neurones and Ia fibres from muscle spindles with a diameter of 12-20 micrometres and a conduction velocity of 70-120 m/s. The thinnest/slowest are fibres used to convey slow pain (<1.5 micrometres and 0.5-2 m/s).

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