When a part of the earth's upper mantle or lower crust melts, magma forms. A volcano is essentially an opening or a vent through which this magma and the dissolved gases it contains are discharged.
Convection
Volcanic activity is primarily associated with the lithosphere. This is because volcanoes form at tectonic plate boundaries where magma can rise to the surface, leading to volcanic eruptions and the release of gases and lava onto the Earth's surface.
Subaerial refers to volcanic activity that occurs above water, typically on land or on the surface of the ocean. It is the opposite of submarine, which refers to volcanic activity that occurs beneath the ocean's surface.
The energy transfer that drives volcanic activity on Earth's surface is primarily due to the heat and pressure generated by the movement of molten rock (magma) from the Earth's mantle to the surface through volcanic vents. This process is driven by the heat generated by the Earth's core and mantle.
Mantle convection is the slow motion of the Earth's silicate mantle, caused by convection currents that carry heat from the interior to the surface of the Earth. Mantle convection causes the tectonic plates to move around the Earth's surface, causing earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic activity.
Convection currents are the ones that can form in the geosphere and carry heat from the Earth's mantle towards the surface. These currents move molten rock in the mantle due to differences in temperature and density, driving the movement of tectonic plates and influencing volcanic activity.
Convection currents occur in the Earth's mantle, which is the layer beneath the Earth's crust. These currents are responsible for driving the movement of tectonic plates on the Earth's surface, leading to phenomena like earthquakes and volcanic activity.
The surface of Callisto is heavily cratered and extremely old. It does not show any sign of volcanic activity.
Convection
Convection currents occur in the mantle, which is the layer beneath the Earth's crust. These currents are responsible for the movement of tectonic plates and play a key role in shaping the Earth's surface through processes like plate tectonics and volcanic activity.
No, and it has no surface. It is a gas planet
lava
Volcanic activity is primarily associated with the lithosphere. This is because volcanoes form at tectonic plate boundaries where magma can rise to the surface, leading to volcanic eruptions and the release of gases and lava onto the Earth's surface.
As thermal energy is transferred from the core to the mantle, it causes convection currents in the mantle. These currents are responsible for the movement of tectonic plates at the Earth's surface. This movement leads to processes such as seafloor spreading, subduction, and volcanic activity.
Earthquakes or volcanic activity can change the surface of the Earth.
Subaerial refers to volcanic activity that occurs above water, typically on land or on the surface of the ocean. It is the opposite of submarine, which refers to volcanic activity that occurs beneath the ocean's surface.
The smell of sulfur is significant in relation to volcanic activity because sulfur is a common gas released during volcanic eruptions. The presence of sulfur in the air can indicate that magma is rising to the surface, which can help scientists monitor and predict volcanic activity.