bromine
The diatomic molecule with stronger intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonding or dipole-dipole interactions, will have a higher boiling point. The molecule with weaker intermolecular forces will have a lower boiling point. Therefore, the molecule with the higher boiling point is likely to have stronger intermolecular forces, while the molecule with the lower boiling point is likely to have weaker intermolecular forces.
The element described is chlorine (Cl). It has a low melting point (-101.5°C) and boiling point (-34.04°C), exists as a diatomic molecule (Cl2) in the gas phase, has seven valence electrons, and readily reacts with metals to produce salts.
The element that fits this description is chlorine (Cl). It is a diatomic gas at room temperature with a low melting and boiling point. It has seven valence electrons and readily reacts with metals to form ionic salts.
In general they are longer chained molecules.
Hydrogen chloride (HCl) has a much higher boiling point than diatomic fluorine (F₂) primarily due to the presence of strong dipole-dipole interactions in HCl, arising from its polar covalent bond. In contrast, F₂ is a nonpolar molecule that primarily experiences weak London dispersion forces. The stronger intermolecular forces in HCl require more energy to overcome, resulting in a higher boiling point compared to the relatively low boiling point of F₂.
bromine
The diatomic molecule with stronger intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonding or dipole-dipole interactions, will have a higher boiling point. The molecule with weaker intermolecular forces will have a lower boiling point. Therefore, the molecule with the higher boiling point is likely to have stronger intermolecular forces, while the molecule with the lower boiling point is likely to have weaker intermolecular forces.
The element described is chlorine (Cl). It has a low melting point (-101.5°C) and boiling point (-34.04°C), exists as a diatomic molecule (Cl2) in the gas phase, has seven valence electrons, and readily reacts with metals to produce salts.
The element that fits this description is chlorine (Cl). It is a diatomic gas at room temperature with a low melting and boiling point. It has seven valence electrons and readily reacts with metals to form ionic salts.
O2 because it has more electrons. Because of the higher number of electrons, it has higher dispersion forces (attractive forces). This means that more energy (heat) is required to unstick the molecules into a different state of matter.
The element in question is chlorine (Cl). Chlorine is a diatomic molecule in its gaseous state, with a low melting point and boiling point. It readily reacts with metals to form ionic compounds, known as salts, due to its strong electronegativity and desire to gain an electron.
In general they are longer chained molecules.
Hydrogen chloride (HCl) has a much higher boiling point than diatomic fluorine (F₂) primarily due to the presence of strong dipole-dipole interactions in HCl, arising from its polar covalent bond. In contrast, F₂ is a nonpolar molecule that primarily experiences weak London dispersion forces. The stronger intermolecular forces in HCl require more energy to overcome, resulting in a higher boiling point compared to the relatively low boiling point of F₂.
The molecule with the highest boiling point is the one with the strongest intermolecular forces.
This description matches the element calcium (Ca), which is hard and dense, has a high melting and boiling point, is fairly reactive, and has two electrons in its outermost orbit. Calcium typically forms 2+ cations when it reacts with other elements.
If electrons are shared unequally in a chemical bond, it creates a polar covalent bond. This results in regions of partial positive and partial negative charges within the molecule, leading to overall polarity. This can affect the molecule's properties like solubility, reactivity, and boiling point.
Nitrogen is called a gas because it exists in a gaseous state at room temperature and pressure. It has a low boiling point of -195.8 degrees Celsius, causing it to remain in the gas phase under normal conditions on Earth.