Physically put, the electron has more energy the farther ( higher ) it is from the nucleus. Simple potential energy. PE = mgh
Because if the radius is big, then the large distance affects the strenght of the electron with the nucleus. This also increases reactivity in non metals since it will be easier to take away the electron :)
As the orbit of the electron increases, the electron's energy also increases. Electrons in higher energy orbits are farther from the nucleus and have more potential energy. Conversely, electrons in lower energy orbits are closer to the nucleus and have less energy.
if an electron gains enough energy it jumps to a higher energy level. when this happens the atom is in an "excited" state.
The nucleus has a width on the order of 10^(-15) meters, while an electron is (on average) a distance of 10^(-10) meters from the nucleus. If you were to magnify the nucleus to the size of a baseball, the electrons would be orbiting at a distance of around 1000 meters. That is, there are about 50,000-100,000 nucleus diameters to the electron's average radius.
The main principal quantum number (n) depends on the average relative distance of an electron from the nucleus. The farther away from the nucleus, the greater value for n and the greater the energy.
Attraction gets smaller.
Down a group, the number of shell increases and the electron enters into a different shell. Hence, the distance between the nucleus and valence electron increases and the nuclear attraction decreases
Because if the radius is big, then the large distance affects the strenght of the electron with the nucleus. This also increases reactivity in non metals since it will be easier to take away the electron :)
It would not depend on the direction with respect to the nucleus. The direction of the electron has no effect on the distance of the electron from the nucleus.
As the orbit of the electron increases, the electron's energy also increases. Electrons in higher energy orbits are farther from the nucleus and have more potential energy. Conversely, electrons in lower energy orbits are closer to the nucleus and have less energy.
Ionization energy generally decreases as atomic number increases within a group. This is because the distance between the outermost electron and the nucleus increases, resulting in weaker attraction and lower energy required to remove the electron.
if an electron gains enough energy it jumps to a higher energy level. when this happens the atom is in an "excited" state.
The atomic radius refers to the distance from the nucleus of an atom to the outermost electron orbital. It is a measure of the size of an atom. The atomic radius generally increases as you move down a group in the periodic table and decreases as you move from left to right across a period.
The approximate distance an electron is located from the nucleus is measured by the concept of electron cloud or electron probability density. This concept is utilized in quantum mechanics to describe the distribution of the electron's probable locations within an atom.
The nucleus has a width on the order of 10^(-15) meters, while an electron is (on average) a distance of 10^(-10) meters from the nucleus. If you were to magnify the nucleus to the size of a baseball, the electrons would be orbiting at a distance of around 1000 meters. That is, there are about 50,000-100,000 nucleus diameters to the electron's average radius.
The main principal quantum number (n) depends on the average relative distance of an electron from the nucleus. The farther away from the nucleus, the greater value for n and the greater the energy.
The ionization potential decreases from lithium to cesium because the atomic size increases, leading to a greater distance between the outermost electron and the nucleus. This increased distance results in weaker attraction between the electron and the nucleus, making it easier to remove the outermost electron and therefore requiring less energy.