transcription factor
It binds to and activates protein kinase A, which then phosphorylates other enzymes.
A signal transduction pathway is a group of proteins that carry out transducing signals (which means it converts signals from outside the cell to a different signal inside the cell). A good example can be viewed when a hormone binds to the receptor in the plasma membrane (outside the cell), the receptor which has now been activated can now interact with intercellular proteins which produce new signals inside the cell.
signal amplification
is a series of large flattened membranes that are a pathway through the cytoplasm
cytoplasm
It binds to and activates protein kinase A, which then phosphorylates other enzymes.
A signal transduction pathway is a group of proteins that carry out transducing signals (which means it converts signals from outside the cell to a different signal inside the cell). A good example can be viewed when a hormone binds to the receptor in the plasma membrane (outside the cell), the receptor which has now been activated can now interact with intercellular proteins which produce new signals inside the cell.
signal amplification
is a series of large flattened membranes that are a pathway through the cytoplasm
cytoplasm
G-protein-linked
Protein phosphates turn off signal transduction pathways by removing the phosphate groups from the protein kinase, making them reusable and making the kinase inscribe stopping the signal transduction pathway.
In the yeast signal transduction pathway, after both types of mating cells have released the mating factors and the factors have bound to specific receptors on the correct cells binding induces changes in the cells that lead to cell fusion.
Some ATP is produced by the glycolytic pathway which is located in the cytoplasm. Most is synthesized by the protein ATP synthase, which is found in the mitochondrion.
Extrinsic
cytoplasm to ER to outside the cell
activates the breakdown of glycogen in liver and skeletal muscle cells.