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Nucleic acids are polynucleotides. They are composed of nucleotides, which join together through phospho-diester bonds, with forms the sugar-phosphate backbone of the nucleic acid, and also through hydrogen bonds, between two complementary nitrogenous bases (in the case of DNA).
The nucleotides which make up nucleic acids are composed of the following: a phosphate group (PO4), a deoxyribose sugar (in DNA) or a ribose sugar (in RNA) and finally a nitrogenous base. In DNA the purine nitrogenous bases are: adenine and guanine. The pyrimidine nitrogenous bases are: thymine (which bonds with two hydrogen bonds to adenine) and cytosine (which bonds with guanine through three hydrogen bonds. In RNA uracil replaces thymine and there are no hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases as RNA is a single stranded molecule.

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