chlorides of calcium and magnesium
*sulphates of calcium n Mg
Hardness in water is usually characterised as temporary or permanent. Both are due to the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. If they are present as the hydrogen carbonate, when the water is boiled this is converted to the carbonate which precipitates out as a solid, leaving water which is no longer hard, so this is called temporary hardness. If they are present as the sulfate the solution is unaffected by boiling, and this is called permanent hardness.
Hard water is the one that does not lather with soap. Permanent hard water can be converted to soft water by adding sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), or calgon or zeolite.
Hardness in water is usually characterised as temporary or permanent. Both are due to the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. If they are present as the hydrogen carbonate, when the water is boiled this is converted to the carbonate which precipitates out as a solid, leaving water which is no longer hard, so this is called temporary hardness. If they are present as the sulfate the solution is unaffected by boiling, and this is called permanent hardness.
Hard water contain calcium bicarbonate, magnesium bicarbonate in temporary hard water and calcium/magnesium sulfate in permanent hard water. Soft water contain doesn't contain these substances or only in very limited concentations.
Sodium palmitate produce a permanent lather with hard water..
Hardness in water is usually characterised as temporary or permanent. Both are due to the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. If they are present as the hydrogen carbonate, when the water is boiled this is converted to the carbonate which precipitates out as a solid, leaving water which is no longer hard, so this is called temporary hardness. If they are present as the sulfate the solution is unaffected by boiling, and this is called permanent hardness.
Hard water is the one that does not lather with soap. Permanent hard water can be converted to soft water by adding sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), or calgon or zeolite.
Hardness in water is usually characterised as temporary or permanent. Both are due to the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. If they are present as the hydrogen carbonate, when the water is boiled this is converted to the carbonate which precipitates out as a solid, leaving water which is no longer hard, so this is called temporary hardness. If they are present as the sulfate the solution is unaffected by boiling, and this is called permanent hardness.
Hard water contain calcium bicarbonate, magnesium bicarbonate in temporary hard water and calcium/magnesium sulfate in permanent hard water. Soft water contain doesn't contain these substances or only in very limited concentations.
Sodium palmitate produce a permanent lather with hard water..
The scum on the surface of boiling hard water is usually a buildup of mineral deposits, such as calcium and magnesium. These minerals are present in high quantities in hard water and can form a layer of scum when the water is boiled, especially if there are impurities present.
Water is a universal solvent and there are two types of water i.e hard water and soft water. Soft water is the water that easily lather with soap while hard water does not lather with soap and is also of two type i.e temporary and permanent.
here two type of hardness 1-temporery 2-permanent *temporery hardness-it is also known as carbonate hardness and alkiliny hardness.it is unstable hardness.it is remove by boiling.it is the due presence of carbonate.
The ice-to-water ratio of hard ice is 1:0, meaning there is no water present in hard ice as it is solely composed of frozen water molecules.
Water containing salts of calcium and magnesium as chlorides, sulfates, nitates - impossible to delete by boiling.
calcium ions present in the hard water, leading to the formation of calcium zeolite.
hard disk