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The tundra is located at high latitudes and in mountains above the treeline (called alpine tundra) and is much colder than the temperate climate. The winter in tundra regions are very long, and usually very cold (some tundra islands are not that cold like South Georgia). The summers are very cool, with at least one month above freezing but no month of the year reaches an average temperature of 10 centigrades /50 F. This is very different from temperate climates, where the winter is milder and much shorter, and the summer is much warmer, with three or more months with average temperatures above 10 C /50 F. The tundra is also much drier, as the cold air can not hold much moisture.

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