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What causes the electrons to become excited and move into the electron transport chain?
Electrons become excited in the electron transport chain due to the energy input from electron carrier molecules like NADH and FADH2. These electron carriers donate the electrons to the proteins in the chain, creating a flow of electrons that drives the production of ATP.
An example of an electron carrier molecule?
One example of an electron carrier molecule is NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). NAD+ is involved in redox reactions, acting as a carrier of electrons during cellular respiration to help generate ATP. It accepts electrons from substrates and becomes reduced to NADH, which can then donate the electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production.
Is tin an electron donor or an electron taker?
Tin can act as both an electron donor and an electron acceptor, depending on the chemical reaction it is involved in. In some reactions, tin can donate electrons to other elements, while in others, it can accept electrons.
What is the difference between an electron donor and electron acceptor?
Donor atoms are atoms that donate electrons and have an extra pair of electrons in their orbital. Acceptor atoms are atoms that accept electrons and have a empty orbital to accommodate the extra electrons.
Why are the elements in the halogen family very reactive?
The elements in the halogen family are in group 7 and thus have 7 valence electrons. They are very reactive because the want an additional electron to complete the octet. They can get this additional electron by reacting with another element willing to donate that electron. A perfect example is an element from group 1 or 2 (alkali or alkali earth) which wants to donate an electron.
What causes the electrons to become excited and move into the electron transport chain?
Electrons become excited in the electron transport chain due to the energy input from electron carrier molecules like NADH and FADH2. These electron carriers donate the electrons to the proteins in the chain, creating a flow of electrons that drives the production of ATP.
An example of an electron carrier molecule?
One example of an electron carrier molecule is NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). NAD+ is involved in redox reactions, acting as a carrier of electrons during cellular respiration to help generate ATP. It accepts electrons from substrates and becomes reduced to NADH, which can then donate the electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production.
What is the difference between NAD and NADH?
NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a coenzyme that can accept or donate electrons during cellular respiration. NADH is the reduced form of NAD, meaning it has gained electrons. NADH is a high-energy molecule that carries electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production.
Electrons are brought to the electron transport by what high energy electron carriers?
Electrons are brought to the electron transport chain by high-energy electron carriers such as NADH and FADH2. These carriers donate electrons to the chain, which is then used to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Do metals donate or accept electrons and what do they become?
Metals donate electrons by losing electrons and forming positive ions.
How many electrons can chlorine donate?
Chlorine can donate one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration. It tends to form anions by gaining one electron to reach a full outer shell.
How may electrons can chlorine donate and receive?
Chlorine can donate one electron to form an anion with a -1 charge or receive one electron to form a cation with a +1 charge.
Can chlorine donate electrons?
Chlorine is more likely to accept electrons than donate them due to its electronegativity. In its natural state, chlorine tends to gain one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration, forming a chloride ion.
What does FADH2 do in ETC?
FADH2 is an electron carrier similar to NADH, but only the second protein in the ETC accepts FADH2 electrons. So FADH2 is used in the ETC, but it produces less ATP due to it only entering the second protein in the ETC.
Is electron pair donor an acid?
An electron pair donor is typically a base, as it can donate a lone pair of electrons to form a covalent bond. Acids typically donate a proton (H+) in a chemical reaction.
Why do NADH and FADH2 donate electrons to different electron transport chain complexes?
NADH and FADH2 donate electrons to different complexes in the electron transport chain because they have different energy levels and transfer electrons at different points in the chain, allowing for efficient energy production through the generation of a proton gradient.
General explanation for acid and alkali?
Acids receive electron. Alkalis donate. Acids donate hydrogen ion in solution. Alkalis donate hydroxyl ion in solution. Alkalis donate lone pair electrons.
