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An earthquake is measured using the a seismograph which records the tremors as a graph. The magnitude is measured on the Moment Magnitude scale which has largely replaced the Richter Scale. Both these values can be derived based on the maximum amplitudes of the seismic waves recorded on the seismograph plot. Magnitude scales have an arbitrary initial point that was set at one and as such it is possible to have very small earthquakes with negative values on the Richter scale. There is no upper limit but in practical terms no Earthquake with a magnitude of more than 9.5 has ever been recorded by humans.

An increase by 1 level on the Richter magnitude scale represents a 10 fold increase in amplitude which is approximately equal to 30 times more energy i.e. the energy released at a level 4 quake is 30 times that of a level 3.

The scale was invented by Charles Richter.

The most powerful quake recorded was in Chile in 1960that measured 9.5 on the Richter Scale.

Another scale that measures quakes on basis of its severity is the Modified Mercalli scale. It ranges from 1 to 12 (in Roman numerals) where XII level earthquake would mean complete destruction and at times modification of relief.

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14y ago

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