A. osculum ,for Plato users
To clean leaves, you can use a mixture of water and mild soap to gently wipe the leaves, ensuring to pat them dry afterward to prevent water spots or damage. Alternatively, you can use a damp cloth or sponge to wipe the dust from the leaves. Avoid using harsh chemicals or excessive water, as this can harm the plant.
The sievelike disc-shaped opening in an echinoderm's body through which water enters and leaves is called the madreporite. It is the entrance to the water vascular system, which helps in functions like respiration and movement.
A dry sponge is hard because the water has evaporated, leaving the sponge's cellular structure collapsed and less flexible. When water is added, the cells absorb water and expand, allowing the sponge to become soft and flexible.
The opening and closing cells on the underside of plant leaves are called stomata. These small pores are surrounded by guard cells, which regulate their opening and closing to control gas exchange, allowing carbon dioxide in for photosynthesis and oxygen out, while also managing water loss through transpiration.
Rainforest plants typically have large, broad leaves to maximize photosynthesis in the low-light conditions of the forest understory, allowing them to capture more sunlight. These large leaves also help in water absorption and transpiration, which is essential in the humid rainforest environment. In contrast, desert plants have adapted to conserve water in arid conditions, leading to small, spiky leaves that reduce surface area and minimize water loss. These adaptations help them survive extreme heat and limited water availability.
Top opening of a sponge is called osculum . it is used to expel water out .
ostium
osculum - a large opening in a sponge through which water flows out of the sponge. Sponges may have more than one oscula.
tiny "whips" on the cells inside a sponge draw water in through the pores of thesponge. Food is then removed from the water before it leaves through the opening at the top of the sponge .
Water evaporate faster from a large opening.
a large beaker and sponge
No in fact they have multiple openings called pores, which allow water and nutrients to flow in and out of the sponge
The osculum is an excretory structure in the living sponge, a large opening to the outside through which the current of water exits after passing through the spongocoel. Wastes diffuse into the water and the water exits through the osculum at a velocity of nearly 8.4 cm/second, carrying away with it the sponge's wastes. The size of the osculum is regulated by the myocyte. Its size, in turn, determines the amount of water flowing through the sponge.
"clean" water and "waste" water in a sponge are all the same. Their bodies allow constant flow of water, there is no beginning and end to a sponge; thus technically waste water leaves a sponges body through its many pores.
To clean leaves, you can use a mixture of water and mild soap to gently wipe the leaves, ensuring to pat them dry afterward to prevent water spots or damage. Alternatively, you can use a damp cloth or sponge to wipe the dust from the leaves. Avoid using harsh chemicals or excessive water, as this can harm the plant.
A sponge
When a sponge is submerged in water, the water enters the sponge through the tiny holes in the sponge. The sponge fills up with water, as a balloon fills with air, only not as visibly. When you squeeze the sponge, the water exits that sponge through the tiny holes...exactly the opposite of how it entered! Tada! :)