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In the liquid state of ammonia (NH3), the predominant intermolecular force is hydrogen bonding. This occurs due to the presence of a nitrogen atom bonded to hydrogen, where the nitrogen atom is highly electronegative, creating a dipole moment. The hydrogen bonds between NH3 molecules are responsible for its relatively high boiling point compared to similar-sized molecules that only exhibit weaker van der Waals forces. Additionally, dipole-dipole interactions also play a role, but hydrogen bonding is the dominant force.
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Why alcohol exist in a liquid state while smaller hydrocarbon tend to be gases?
Precisely because of the size of the molecules. Larger molecules have a greater tendency to stick together, because there are more places where they can interact, and thus, a greater total force.
How do intermolecular forces determine a substance's state?
If the intermolecular forces are great enough they can hold the molecules together as a liquid. If they are even stronger they will hold the molecules together as a solid. Water has nearly the same mass as methane and ammonia molecules, but the greater molecular forces between water molecules causes the water to be liquid at room temperature, while ammonia and methane, with weaker intermolecular forces, are gases at room temperature.
What happens to heat during a change of starte?
During a change of state, such as melting or boiling, heat is either absorbed or released. When a substance changes from a solid to a liquid or from a liquid to a gas, heat is absorbed to break the intermolecular forces holding the molecules together. Conversely, when a substance changes from a gas to a liquid or from a liquid to a solid, heat is released as the intermolecular forces are strengthened.
Boiling of water and vapor is a change of?
Boiling of water and vaporization is a change of state from liquid to gas. It occurs when the liquid is heated to its boiling point, causing the molecules to gain enough energy to overcome the intermolecular forces holding them together in the liquid state.
Which matter has the maximum intermolecular force?
Solid matter typically has the maximum intermolecular forces compared to liquids and gases. This is because the particles in a solid are closely packed together, allowing for stronger attractions between them such as van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding, and dipole-dipole interactions.
What is the intermolecular force between BF3 in liquid state?
The intermolecular force between BF3 molecules in liquid state is London dispersion forces. This is because BF3 is a nonpolar molecule and London dispersion forces are the primary intermolecular force among nonpolar molecules.
What is the predominant force between IBr molecules in liquid IBr?
The predominant force between IBr molecules in liquid IBr is Van der Waals forces, specifically dipole-dipole interactions and London dispersion forces. These forces are responsible for holding the IBr molecules together in the liquid state.
What is responsible for holding water molecules together in the liquid state?
The main intermolecular force holding water molecules together in hydrogen bonding. Also, there are diplole-dipole interactions and London dispersion forces. But hydrogen bonds are the major force keeping water in the liquid state.
When 2 molecules of a solid are kept some distance apart and the force between them is measured solid is then melted to form a liquid. Two molecules are now kept the same distance apart and the force?
The force between the molecules in the liquid state will be weaker compared to the solid state. This is because the intermolecular forces holding the molecules together in a liquid are generally weaker than those in a solid.
Do inter-molecular forces occur as a result of being in the liquid state or does a liquid state exist because of inter-molecular forces?
The liquid state is caused by intermolecular forces.
What intermolecular forces explain why water is a liquid at room temperature?
Hydrogen bonding is the intermolecular force responsible for water being a liquid at room temperature. The hydrogen bonds between water molecules are relatively strong, allowing them to remain in a liquid state rather than vaporizing at room temperature.
What force has to be overcome in order to change a solid into a liquid?
The force that has to be overcome is the intermolecular forces holding the solid particles in place. As heat is applied, these forces weaken, allowing the particles to move more freely and change from a solid to a liquid state.
Does water expand when heated and why?
Yes... When water is heated, the intermolecular force of attraction between water atoms become weak and they start losing the intermolecular force of attraction... at temperature known as boiling point of water this intermolecular force become so weak that water lose its state and converts into gasious state... but this expansion is not considerable... :)
Why chloroform is in liquid state while iodoform is in solid state?
Chloroform is a small molecule with low molecular weight and forms a liquid due to weak intermolecular forces. Iodoform is a larger molecule with more atoms, leading to stronger intermolecular forces that result in a solid state at room temperature.
What type of intermolecular force acts on F2 in the liquid state?
Van der Waals forces, specifically London dispersion forces, act on F2 molecules in the liquid state. These forces arise due to temporary fluctuations in electron distribution, creating temporary dipoles that attract neighboring molecules.
What is the meaning of predominant activity?
Having greatest ascendancy, importance, influence, authority, or force The state of being active.
Why is phosphorus trichloride liquid and phosphorus pentachloride solid?
Phosphorus trichloride is a liquid because its molecules have weaker intermolecular forces, allowing them to move more freely and take on a liquid state at room temperature. Phosphorus pentachloride is solid due to stronger intermolecular forces that hold its molecules closely together, resulting in a solid state at room temperature.
