4-Aminonicotinic acid is one of the key synthetic intermediates of therapeutic drugs for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. There is a novel four-step synthesizing route of 4-aminonicotinic acid starting from isoquinoline and 3,4-pyridine dicarboxylic acid,and its overall yield of 4-aminonicotinic acid can be up to 30%(based on isoquinoline).
Simply mix water and acetic acid to the desired concentration.
Nitric acid being an oxidizing reagent help the oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III).
In the preparation of oxalato vanadium, carbon dioxide (CO₂) gas is evolved. This occurs during the reaction between oxalic acid and vanadium compounds, where the oxalic acid decomposes, releasing CO₂ as a byproduct. The evolution of this gas is a characteristic feature of the reaction.
In the laboratory, carbon dioxide is usually prepared by the action of dilute hydrochloric acid on marble chips.
Na+Cl->NaCl or "salt." I pray you don't have much raw sodium or chloride laying around though as both are terribly poisonous.
preparation of anthranilic acid
why hydrogen of COOH group is removed in the preparation of methyl salicylate from salicylic acid in the presence of sulphuric acid
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is used in the preparation of boric acid because it reacts with borax (sodium borate) to release boric acid. The reaction between hydrochloric acid and borax allows for the precipitation of boric acid, which can then be collected and purified.
because sulphuric acid stops reaction
sulfur
Sulfuric acid catalyzes the preparation of esters by protonating the carbonyl group of the carboxylic acid, making it more electrophilic for nucleophilic attack by the alcohol. Other strong acids like hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid can also be used as catalysts for the esterification reaction, but sulfuric acid is preferred due to its strong acidity and low cost.
Simply mix water and acetic acid to the desired concentration.
neutralizing agent
esterification of 2 salicylic acid molecules
Citric acid is added for tartness.
The word equation for the preparation of hydrogen gas is: metal + acid → salt + hydrogen gas. For example, when hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc, it produces zinc chloride salt and hydrogen gas.
Benzoic acid is produced from toluene and oxygen. The toluene is oxidyzed and a water molecule is released, which resuls in benzoic acid source: wikipedia