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The phagocytes get activated by the presence of certain particles around them. As soon as they detect a foreign particle, the phagocytes produce surface glycoprotein receptors, that increase their ability to adhere to the surface of the particle.

The phagocyte slowly attaches to the surface of the foreign particle. The cell membrane of the phagocyte begins to expand and forms a cone around the foreign particle.

The cell membrane surrounds the foreign particle from all sides to create a vacuole, known as phagosome or food vacuole. The phagosome is then passed into the cell for absorption.

Now comes the role of the lysosomes, which are cell structures, that are specialized in digesting the particles that enter the cell through the cell membrane. The lysosomes break the food vacuole or phagosome, into its component materials. The essential nutrients, if any, are absorbed in the cell, and the rest is expelled as waste matter. In case of the immune system, the cell creates a peroxisome, a special structure that helps the body to get rid of the toxins

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