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What is the percent of cytosine in a DNA?
Double Stranded DNA is paired, with Adenine paired with Thymine Cytosine paired with Guanine Then the percent Cytosine in one strand will be exactly the percent Guanine in the other strand. And between the two strands, the percent Cytosine will be equal to the percent Guanine. For a random distribution, the percent should be about 25% for each nucleotide, or 50% for the GC pair, and 50% for the AT pair. However, DNA actually varies considerably from organism to organism. Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), has a GC content as high as 72% Plasmodium falciparum has a GC content as low as 20%. See Wikipedia link on GC Content.
What is the source of the four dXTPs required for DNA synthesis?
The four deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dXTPs) required for DNA synthesis—deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP), deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP), deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP), and deoxy thymidine triphosphate (dTTP)—are synthesized from their respective nucleosides through phosphorylation. These nucleosides are derived from the metabolism of nucleic acids and nucleotides in the cell, with ATP serving as the primary energy source for their phosphorylation. Additionally, the salvage pathways can recycle nucleotides from the breakdown of nucleic acids.
What type of chemical bond is broken during the first step of replication?
Helicases must break the hydrogen bonds between paired nucleotide bases (Thymidine-Adenosine or Guanosine-Cytosine) of DNA strands so the two strands can be separated and replicated. The origins of replication, the initial "replication bubbles", tend to be in sequences that are A-T rich because Adenine-Thymidine has only two hydrogen bonds, energetically easier for helicases to start breaking than the three hydrogen bonds between Guanosine-Cytosine. For replication to continue topoisomerases must also cut the phosphate backbones of DNA strands, otherwise the helically wrapped strands would get much too overwound or "supercoiled" for polymerases and related replication machinery to continue to function. Nucleosomes (complexes of histone proteins that DNA wraps around) also have to be rearranged or removed to allow for replication.
What are the four chemicals that hold together DNA molecule?
If by "four chemicals" you mean nucleotides, then they are as follows: 1. deoxyadenosine monophosphate or adenine 2. deoxyguanosine monophosphate or guanine 3. deoxycytosine monophosphate or cytidine 4. deoxythymine monophosphate or thymidine The chemical bonds holding DNA molecules together are 1. phosphodiester bond in the polynucleotide strand 2. hydrogen bond between the complementary nitrogenous bases on adjacent polynucleotide strands.
What four monomers polymerize to form DNA?
Short Answer: A,T,C,GLong Answer: Each nucleotide has 3 basic parts, all connected together into a single molecule.The 3 parts are a phosphate, a sugar and a base.All four monomers have the same deoxyribose (a five carbon sugar) and a phosphate group(PO4). Each nucleotide is distinguished by their different bases.Bases: Adenine (A), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G), and Thymidine (T).
What is a 9 letter word that deals with DNA?
Thymidine- a nucleoside component of DNA; composed of thymidine and deoxyribose
What is radioactive thymidine?
Radioactive thymidine is a form of thymidine that has been labeled with a radioactive isotope, typically tritium (3H) or carbon-14 (C-14). It is commonly used in molecular biology research to track DNA synthesis and cell division by measuring the incorporation of the radioactive thymidine into new DNA strands.
What base does RNA NOT contain?
Thymidine.
Pyrimidine that pairs with adenine?
Thymidine
What is the chemical formula of thymidine?
C10H14N2O5
What has the author J E Cleaver written?
J. E. Cleaver has written: 'Thymidine metabolism and cell kinetics' -- subject(s): Cell populations, Radioactive tracers in cytology, Thymidine metabolism
If scientists introduced radioactive thymidine into the growth medium of the cells when would it be incorporated into the DNA molecule?
Radioactive thymidine would be incorporated into the DNA molecule during the S phase of the cell cycle, specifically during DNA replication when new DNA is synthesized. Thymidine is a nucleotide base that is used to build DNA, so introducing radioactive thymidine would result in the incorporation of radioactive material into the newly synthesized DNA strands.
In DNA replication adenine bindes with what?
In DNA replication A (adenosine) binds to T (thymidine).
How many kinds of building blocks are there for DNA?
The Nucleosies: guanosine, adenosine, thymidine and uridine?
What has the author Paul Mullan written?
Paul Mullan has written: 'Changes in thymidine metabolism during induced differentiation in leukaemia'
How does acyclovir work as an anti-viral drug?
Acyclovir can help treat herpes. The herpes's simplex virus thymidine kinase can phosphorylate the drug into its monophosphate. As it is a poor substrate for the thymidine kinase of humans, it is not toxic for non-infected cells. This drug competes with dGTP as a competitive inhibitor. Once is enters the DNA, it can act as a chain terminator.
What type of isotope was used to follow the construction of new DNA molecules during successive generations?
The isotope used was thymidine labeled with a radioactive isotope such as tritium (3H) or carbon-14 (14C). Thymidine is a nucleoside that gets incorporated into DNA during the replication process, allowing researchers to track the synthesis of new DNA molecules.
