What medicines fight microbes?

Answer 1

Microbes are tiny organisms that cannot be seen by the human eye. There are microbes that are good for you and microbes that are bad for you. Everyone has an immune system, which is a bodily function that defends your body from bad microbes. the immune system is not an organ but its in your bloodstream and most of your organs. In your immune system there are things called antibodies which kill bad microbes. When you have medicines and jabs, there are bad microbes inside the medicines/jabs. They always put in quite mild bad microbes though, so it doesn't make you ill but does prepare the antibodies so if they see the same kind of bad microbes again they will be able to kill them faster, giving you less chance of catching the disease.

For example, in the smallpox jab they give you the smallpox that cows get (yes, cows can get smallpox too). But humans can't actually get ill from having small amounts of cow smallpox injected into them, because our antibodies can kill cow smallpox microbes easily. But when the antibodies kill the cow smallpox microbes, they remember them, so if you ever get human smallpox microbes inside you, the antibodies will remember how they killed the cow smallpox microbes and kill the smallpox microbes in the same way. Because they have already killed the same thing before, they will kill them quicker, giving you much less chance of the smallpox microbes getting through your immune system and giving you the disease.

As humans are eukaryotes, our genome is extremely difficult to truly decode due to processes such as exon shuffling, the genetic "junk" and likely dozens of other observed aspects of our genome.

Naturally, many people with genetic defects need a constant supply of medicines (diabetics will be used from here on out in this section). Creating insulin in a lab was very difficult before the onset of cDNA, which (long story made really really short) is placing the human insulin gene into yeast or another simple eukaryote. Thankfully, all eukaryotic cells "know" how to process our genome and human hormones can be made in vivo in laboratories in greater quantity than ever before.

Answer 2

Antibiotics are chemicals made by microbes to destroy competing bacteria or fungi. Bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics, making it harder to treat the infections they cause. The search is on to find new antibiotics that enable us to control bacterial diseases.

^Some microbes do create antibiotics to ward off neighboring species, though the classic example here is in Diabetes treatment.

Diabetics may be unable to produce an essential hormone called 'insulin'. It is possible, however, to introduce the gene for insulin into a yeast cell. This genetically-modified yeast cell then creates insulin as guided by its altered genetic material, allowing scientists to then harvest the insulin so that diabetics can inject it into their bloodstream as required.

Before this development, it was necessary to extract it from the pancreas of pigs!

Answer 3

Antibiotics are medicines that are used to fight against bacteria, while antifungals are used to combat fungal infections. Antivirals are medications that are used to treat viral infections. Each of these categories of drugs is specifically designed to target and fight against microbes based on their type.

Answer 4

antibiotics are chemically formed by microorganisms that kill or stop the growth of new microorganisms

Answer 5

The group and type of medicines that fight microbes are antibiotics and antiseptics.

Answer 6

insulin