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Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules display antigens on the surface of cells. There are two main classes: MHC class I, which presents antigens to CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, and MHC class II, which presents antigens to CD4+ helper T cells. These molecules play a crucial role in the immune response by enabling the recognition of foreign substances by T cells.
What else can I help you with?
Is a CD4 molecule also a type of antigen?
No, a CD4 molecule is not an antigen. CD4 is a protein found on the surface of helper T cells, a type of immune cell that plays a crucial role in the adaptive immune response by helping to coordinate immune responses. Antigens are molecules that can be recognized by the immune system, such as proteins on the surface of pathogens or foreign substances.
How do cells involved in the humoral response respond to antigen presentation on the surface of a B cell?
Helper T cells recognize the receptor-antigen complex and cause plasma and memory cells to be produced to then produce antibodies.
What molecule is connected to the surface of pathogens?
An antigen is a molecule that is located on viruses, bacteria, cancer cells, and other pathogens. An antigen is very specific to each pathogen. A flu antigen is different from a pneumonia antigen, and an HIV antigen is different from a measles antigen. I like to think of an antigen as a lock, understanding that all locks are different and very specific. The key that fits these antigen locks is called an antibody. Antibodiesare found on certain types of white blood cells that our body produces. Antibody-producing white blood cells are called lymphocytes. Lymphocytes travel around our body and attach antibodies to pathogen antigens. Once an antigen has an antibody attached to it, phagocytes attack the pathogen, engulf it, and kill it. Sometimes the antibody disables the pathogen so that it cannot reproduce or release toxins.SourceBYU Course BIOL 049 Lesson 3
How b cell responds to the initial antigen challenge?
Upon initial antigen challenge, B cells with specific surface receptors that match the antigen become activated. These activated B cells differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibodies targeting the antigen. Additionally, some B cells can also become memory B cells to mount a faster and more robust immune response upon subsequent exposures.
What is the role of cytotoxic T cells and describe their mechanism of action?
The role of cytotoxic T cells is to alert Class I MHC molecules to a foreign antigen. This is achieved by the foreign antigen associating with the MHC molecule and being moved out to the cell surface, where the cytotoxic T cell alerts the MHC molecule of the infection.
What is the medical term for no antigen blood?
Red blood cells with an antigen on their surface are said to be Rh positive, Rh+. Rh negative, or Rh-, do nothave the surface antigen.
How are helper T cells activated in the immune response?
Helper T cells are activated in the immune response when they encounter an antigen-presenting cell that displays a specific antigen on its surface. This interaction triggers the helper T cell to become activated and release signaling molecules that help coordinate the immune response.
Is a CD4 molecule also a type of antigen?
No, a CD4 molecule is not an antigen. CD4 is a protein found on the surface of helper T cells, a type of immune cell that plays a crucial role in the adaptive immune response by helping to coordinate immune responses. Antigens are molecules that can be recognized by the immune system, such as proteins on the surface of pathogens or foreign substances.
Why does a macrophage place antigens on its surface?
When a macrophage engulfs a foreign antigen, it phagocytizes it (or breaks it down) using enzymes. The fragments (called epitopes) of the original antigen are transported to the cell surface so that helper T-cells that specifically match the antigen can recognize it. When that happens, the helper-T cells are able to trigger a specific immune response to that exact antigen by stimulating more helper-T cells to be produced and by triggering B-cells to secrete antigen-specific antibodies that mark infected cells for destruction by killer T-cells.
How do cells involved in the humoral response respond to antigen presentation on the surface of a B cell?
Helper T cells recognize the receptor-antigen complex and cause plasma and memory cells to be produced to then produce antibodies.
Which of the following is not an antigen that may be found on the surface of an erythrocyte a A antigen b B antigen c O antigen d Rh antigen?
The O antigen is not an antigen that may be found on the surface of an erythrocyte. A and B antigens are present in the ABO blood group system, while the Rh antigen is part of the Rh blood group system. O blood type individuals lack A and B antigens on their red blood cells.
How does antigen work?
An antigen is a substance or molecule that, when introduced into the body, triggers the production of an antibody by the immune system, which will then kill or neutralize the antigen that is recognized as a foreign and potentially harmful invader. These invaders can be molecules such as pollen or cells such as bacteria.
Is an antibodie an antigen?
An antibody is a glycoprotein that is produced by plasma cells. It consists of heavy chains and light chains. An antigen is a molecule that interacts with an antibody (or T-Cell). When the antigen interaction induces an immune response it is known as an immunogen.
What molecule is connected to the surface of pathogens?
An antigen is a molecule that is located on viruses, bacteria, cancer cells, and other pathogens. An antigen is very specific to each pathogen. A flu antigen is different from a pneumonia antigen, and an HIV antigen is different from a measles antigen. I like to think of an antigen as a lock, understanding that all locks are different and very specific. The key that fits these antigen locks is called an antibody. Antibodiesare found on certain types of white blood cells that our body produces. Antibody-producing white blood cells are called lymphocytes. Lymphocytes travel around our body and attach antibodies to pathogen antigens. Once an antigen has an antibody attached to it, phagocytes attack the pathogen, engulf it, and kill it. Sometimes the antibody disables the pathogen so that it cannot reproduce or release toxins.SourceBYU Course BIOL 049 Lesson 3
Antigens cause immature B cells to?
When a B cell detects an antigen, it will engulf it and then display it on its cell surface with an MHC molcule. This antigen/MHC combination is then detected by a T cell - which will send signalling molcules to B cells to multiply and mature into plasma cells (which create antibodies against the antigen) and memory B cells (which 'remember' the antigen for next time).They become plasma cells
How b cell responds to the initial antigen challenge?
Upon initial antigen challenge, B cells with specific surface receptors that match the antigen become activated. These activated B cells differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibodies targeting the antigen. Additionally, some B cells can also become memory B cells to mount a faster and more robust immune response upon subsequent exposures.
What is the role of cytotoxic T cells and describe their mechanism of action?
The role of cytotoxic T cells is to alert Class I MHC molecules to a foreign antigen. This is achieved by the foreign antigen associating with the MHC molecule and being moved out to the cell surface, where the cytotoxic T cell alerts the MHC molecule of the infection.
