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Low NAD+ and high NADH can lead to a decrease in the cell's ability to produce energy through cellular respiration. This imbalance can disrupt metabolic processes and affect the redox balance in the cell, leading to oxidative stress and potential cell damage. It can also impact other essential cellular processes that rely on NAD+/NADH balance, such as DNA repair and gene expression regulation.
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What two things does NAD plus accept to form NADH?
NAD can accept 2 protons from NADH, forming the reduced state: NADH2
How does NAD plus get oxidized?
NAD+ gets oxidized by accepting electrons (and protons) during redox reactions. It is reduced to NADH when it accepts these electrons.
Why does nad become nadh plus h instead of just nadh during glycolysis?
During glycolysis, NAD+ acts as an electron carrier molecule. It accepts two electrons and a proton to form NADH. This is important for the oxidation-reduction reactions that occur during glycolysis, allowing for the transfer of electrons and the generation of ATP.
What is the process in which cells convert NADH to NAD plus by passing high-energy electrons back to pyruvic acid?
The process is called fermentation, specifically lactic acid fermentation. During this process, NADH is oxidized to NAD+ by transferring electrons back to pyruvic acid, converting it to lactic acid. This allows glycolysis, which produces NADH, to continue in the absence of oxygen.
What happens to the high-energy electrons held by NADH if there is no oxygen present?
What happens to the high-energy electrons held by NADH if there is no oxygen present?
When nad plus reacts with hydrogen and gains two electrons is?
NAD+ is reduced. It becomes NADH.
Can high levels of NADH and low levels of NAD plus stimulate glycolysis?
No it cannot. NADH inhibits glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle and the electron transport chain. HIGH levels of NAD however does stimulate glycolysis but High levels of NADH and low levels of NAD does not stimulate glycolysis but rather inhibits it.
What two things does NAD plus accept to form NADH?
NAD can accept 2 protons from NADH, forming the reduced state: NADH2
When a molecule of NAD gains a hydrogen atom the molecule becomes?
When a molecule of NAD gains a hydrogen atom, it becomes reduced to form NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). This reduction reaction involves the transfer of electrons from the hydrogen atom to NAD, resulting in the formation of NADH.
Is nadh oxidized or reduced compared to nad plus?
NADH is reduced compared to NAD+ because it gains electrons and a hydrogen ion to form NADH during cellular respiration. In this process, NAD+ acts as an electron carrier that accepts electrons and a hydrogen ion from substrates being oxidized, converting it to NADH.
What happens when NAD plus becomes NADH?
When NAD+ is reduced to NADH, it accepts two electrons and a hydrogen ion, becoming a carrier of high-energy electrons. This conversion usually occurs during cellular respiration where NADH is a key player in transferring electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production.
How does NAD plus get oxidized?
NAD+ gets oxidized by accepting electrons (and protons) during redox reactions. It is reduced to NADH when it accepts these electrons.
How do you recycle NADH to NAD?
NADH can be recycled to NAD through the process of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. During this process, NADH donates its electrons to the electron transport chain, leading to the generation of ATP and the conversion of NADH back to NAD+.
Why NAD plus can be used to shuttle electrons?
NAD+ can shuttle electrons because it can accept electrons to become reduced to NADH, which can then donate those electrons to other molecules in the cell. This ability to cycle between oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH) forms allows NAD+ to act as a carrier of high-energy electrons during processes like cellular respiration.
Does NAD have more energy than NADH?
NADH has more energy than NAD. NADH contains high-energy electrons that can be used in cellular respiration to produce ATP, which is the cell's main energy currency. NAD serves as an electron carrier in various metabolic reactions.
What is the difference between NAD and NADH?
NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a coenzyme that can accept or donate electrons during cellular respiration. NADH is the reduced form of NAD, meaning it has gained electrons. NADH is a high-energy molecule that carries electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production.
Is the conversion of NAD to NADH an example of oxidation or reduction?
The conversion of NAD to NADH is an example of reduction.
