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A chromosome is made up of different parts: nucleotides (base pairs), sugar and phosphate (a full chromosome contains other stuff too but that is for a more complex explanation).

The nucleotides are what codes for proteins, so that is the useful or 'coding' information.

The sugar and phosphate form a sugar-phosphate backbone, holding all of the nucleotides together. (type base pairs into Google image to find a picture of this).

A Chromosome is a long strand of these nucleotides which are held together with the sugar-phosphate backbone.

IF UR TALKING ABOUT MEIOSIS then they are held together by spindle fibers.

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