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Fire is a combination of chemical and physical changes in which substances interact to release heat, light, smoke and ash. Whether it is a fire in electrical insulation, an oil fire or a simple domestic fire, they all require three ingredients - combustible material, oxygen and a thermal trigger.

If one of these is absent, the fire goes out. This principle is the basis of fire-fighting, which aims to cool the flames by smothering them, removing oxygen, or depriving them of fuel.

Combustible material often consists mainly of carbon and hydrogen and can be almost anything solid, liquid or gaseous, from hydrogen to wax, oil, wood and plastic. Even metal will burn provided the temperature is high enough.

Sufficient quantities of oxygen are usually supplied by the air, and the energy to light a fire is produced by friction or sparks.

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