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Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, primarily contain four types of atoms: carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N). The backbone of the nucleic acid structure consists of alternating sugar (which contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen) and phosphate groups. The nitrogenous bases, which are key components of nucleic acids, contain nitrogen along with carbon and hydrogen. These elements are essential for the formation of the genetic code and the overall structure of nucleic acids.

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