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When sodium carbonate is added to the ester synthesized from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol, it will react with any unreacted carboxylic acid present, forming sodium salts and releasing carbon dioxide gas. This reaction will neutralize the acid, potentially leading to a decrease in acidity and altering the equilibrium of the esterification reaction. The addition of sodium carbonate may also lead to the formation of an emulsion or cloudiness in the mixture, depending on the specific conditions and concentrations involved.

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